There are many ways in which large pieces of rock break up into smaller ones. Wind, water, heat and cold help to break up rocks. When winds blow grains of sand against a large rock for a long time, the softer layers of the rock are slowly worn away. These leave holes and cracks (裂缝) in the rock, which become bigger and finally the rock breaks up into smaller pieces.
The moving water of streams and rivers also helps to break up rocks. As the water moves along, it carries with small pieces of rock.These rub the larger ones.
Thus, the larger rocks are worn down to smaller pieces.
The heat of the sun is also helpful in breaking up rocks. When the sun shines, the rocks become very hot.
If these rocks are suddenly cooled, they may crack. Ice also plays a part in making soil. Water in the cracks can turn into ice in cold weather. As this happens, it becomes bigger and the cracks become wider, and finally break up into smaller pieces.
1.According to the passage, soil ________.
A.forms very slowly
B.is a mixture of stones, pebbles and sand
C.makes up the layers of the earthD.is becoming smaller and smaller
2.Which of the following speeds up the breaks of rocks most?
A.Hot weather.B.Cold water.
C.Sharp changes in temperature.D.More dead plants in the cracks.
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