Unit 8 B卷

　　一、阅读理解

　　A

　　The World Health Organization is using a new combination of drugs to treat African trypanosomiasis disease，also known as sleeping sickness.The drugs will be given out in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

　　Officials says the new treatment has fewer side effects.It is also more effective and less costly than the drugs traditionally used.In addition，the new treatment reduces the number of injections needed.And it shortens the amount of time patients must spend in hospital.

　　Sleeping sickness threatens millions of people in 36 countries in Africa.Most live in poor rural areas.The disease is caused by the trypanosoma parasite(寄生物)．It is spread to humans through the bite of infected tsetse flies.Common signs of sleeping sickness include fever，headaches，extreme tiredness and pain in the muscles and joints.Early identification of the disease may be difficult because many infected people do not show any immediate symptoms.Over time，the parasites invade the central nervous system.The disease causes sleep disorders，mental confusion，personality changes and speech problems.If left untreated，sleeping sickness kills.

　　It’s estimated that about 60,000 people are currently infected with the disease.It develops in two different forms.Trypanosoma gambiense is responsible for 90% of the reported cases of sleeping sickness.People infected with this form may develop the disease over many years without any major symptoms.Until now the drug melarsoprol is used to treat patients in the advanced stage of sleeping sickness.But the drug requires many painful injections several times a day for several weeks.It also causes bad side effects，some of which can be deadly.

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