Besides the plastic,these filters—which are on cigarettes in the first place to absorb pollutants to prevent them from going into the lungs—contain poisons.Thus when smokers throw away their butts improperly—out of car windows or onto the sidewalks—they are essentially throwing these poisonous substances into the environment.
While any individual thrown-away cigarette butts may be small,the butts add up to a huge problem.Some 5.5 trillion cigarettes are consumed worldwide each year.Cigarette butts make up as much as one-third of all litter nationwide when measured by the number of discarded items,not the total volume.
While the tobacco industry may have its hands full just trying to stay afloat in the maelstrom(旋涡)of ongoing bad publicity,critics say it should be doing more to prevent butt litter.“Just as beverage manufacturers contribute to anti-littering campaigns,and have invested in public education on litter issues,so should the tobacco industry,”says Kathleen Register,a researcher.
Register suggests putting anti-littering messages on all cigarette packaging and advertisements,distributing small,free portable ashtrays(烟灰缸),and placing and maintaining outdoor ashtrays in areas where smokers gather.She also suggests putting an extra tax on cigarette sales,with the money going toward anti-littering education and paying the costs of cleaning up butts.“By taxing smokers for such efforts,some of the cost of cleaning up cigarette butts will shift onto them,”she says.
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