They also had a greater capacity to think conceptually as well as analytically. Such abilities have been linked to innovative thinking, more prestigious occupations and better incomes.

Famous night owls include President Obama, Charles Darwin, Winston Churchill, Keith Richards and Elvis Presley.

George W Bush, who is regularly in bed by 10pm, Thomas Edison, Napoleon, Condoleezza Rice, who wakes at 4.30am, and Ernest Hemingway are among those known as larks.

Jim Horne, professor of psychophysiology at Loughborough University, said: 'Evening types tend to be the more extrovert creative types, the poets, artists and inventors, while the morning types are the deducers, as often seen with civil servants and accountants.'

A previous study of US Air Force recruits found evening types were much better at thinking laterally to solve problems than larks.

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