分析:通过本句中的the same way light passes through a window可知,transparent应意为“透明的”。
(3)举例
作者常常会通过对某一难词给出具体的例子,帮助读者理解该词的词义。举例常用的信号词有:such as, such ...as, for example, for instance, like, including, especially等。
[典例] (2016·全国卷Ⅲ阅读D节选) Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad.
分析:根据下文的举例like anger or anxiety可推知,画线部分的意思应是“消极的”。
(4)同义词或近义词
在同一句、同一段或同一篇文章中,作者为了避免语言的单调、重复,有时会使用意思相同或相近的词。因此,考生只要读懂上下文,知道其中一个词的意思,就能猜出另外一个词的意思。例如上文[典题例析]中的carry和courier与delivery近义。再如:
[典例] (2015·湖南高考阅读B节选) This of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level. Small woodframe buildings could be lifted fairly easily.
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