[典例]　(2015·江苏高考阅读D节选)Some 2,500 years ago Greece discovered freedom. Before that there was no freedom. There were great civilizations, splendid empires, but no freedom anywhere. Egypt and Babylon were both tyrannies,_one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses.

　　65．What does the underlined word“tyrannies”in Paragraph 2 refer to?

　　A．Countries where their people need help.

　　B．Powerful states with higher civilization.

　　C．Splendid empires where people enjoy freedom.

　　D．Governments ruled with absolute power.

　　分析：根据后面的同位语“one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses”我们不难得知选项D与其意义一致，即“专政，暴君统治”。

　　3．根据上下文逻辑猜测词义

　　有时单词所在的上下文中没有明显的解释说明性线索，这时可根据上下文的逻辑关系进行推理，以确定某一难词或短语的意义。

　　[典例]　(2016·全国卷Ⅲ阅读C节选)There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so it's a_pipe_dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.

　　30．What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3 mean?

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