B

　　(2016·皖南八校第二次联考)

　　Famous centenarians (百岁老人) still active in arts, science are in no mood to retire. “Those who stand still, die，” is one of Oliveira's favorite phrases. He knows from experience what it means, as the Portuguese film director has reached the age of 102 and is still active in his profession. Every year, Oliveira shoots a film and is currently working on his next project. “You have to work ，work, work in order to forget that death is not far away，” he said. When asked about his age, Oliveira said with some humility: “It's down to mother nature. It gave to me what it took from others.”

　　Being both mentally and physically fit in old age is partly a matter of luck, but it also has something to do with character. Not every white­haired person is wise and social skills, openness and the ability to train the brain are essential for senior citizens.

　　Along with the architect Oscar Niemeyer (103), Nobel laureate Montalcini (101) and director Kurt Maetzig (100), Oliveira is one of those people of whom it would be very wrong to think as members of a listless elderly generation.

　　Another master in his profession is the architect Oscar Niemeyer. The 103­year­old Brazilian is best known for his futuristic­looking buildings in Brasilia, but he also speaks out on behalf of the poor. “The role of the architect is to struggle for a better world where we can develop a form of architecture that serves everyone and not just a privileged few，” said Niemeyer recently. He spends almost every day working in his office in Copacabana, and even when he falls ill he keeps working on ideas: After a gallbladder (胆囊) operation he composed a samba tune (桑巴舞曲) in the clinic.

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