表示与现在事实相反的情况
eg:If I were you, I’d take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。(事实:我不可能是你)
If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。(事实:不知道)
If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。(事实:地球上既有空气也有水)
If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了,我就会借给你些。(事实:没带钱)
If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他在努力些,就能通过考试了。(事实:学习不用功)
表示与过去事实相反的情况
从句谓语动词形式
主句谓语动词形式
Had+过去分词
Should/would/could/might+have+过去分词
eg If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her. 如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。(事实:去晚了)
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。(事实:没有听我的话)
表示对将来情况的主观推测(可能相反或可能性很小)
eg: If he would come here tomorrow, I should/would talk to him. 如果他哪天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。(事实:来的可能性很小)
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