2)定语从句是形容词性的,其功能是修饰先行词,对先行词加以限定,描述它的性质或特征;同位语从句是名词性的,其功能是对名词进行补充说明。如:
The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.
他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。(第一个that引导的从句是定语从句,that在从句中作宾语)
The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.
汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。(同位语从句,that在句中不作任何成分)
that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义,在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略;if (whether), as if虽有词义,但在从句中不担任成分。
Eg: The question is whether it is worth doing.
My hope is that she will soon be well again.(表语从句)
Everybody hopes that she will soon be well again.(宾语从句)
That she will soon be well again is our hope.(主语从句)
需要注意的是:引导主语从句,表语从句和同位语从句的情况,that是不可以省略的
2. 连接代词:who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever
Eg:Who will take his place is unknown.
That is what he is worried about.
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