2016年高考第二轮复习英语版

　　专题升级训练十九　信息匹配（二）

　　（一）

　　A．Forecasting Research

　　B．Well­known Weather Forecasters

　　C．Severe Weather Events

　　D．Weather Forecasting

　　E．The Forecasting Process

　　F．Historical Background

　　1．

　　The task of predicting the weather that will be observed at a future time is called weather forecasting.As one of the primary objectives of the science of meteorology，weather forecasting has depended critically on the scientific and technological advances in meteorology that have taken place since the latter half of the 19th century.

　　2．

　　Throughout most of history，forecasting efforts at any given site depended solely on observations that could be made at the site.With the development of the telegraph in the mid­1800s，weather forecasters were able to obtain observations from many distant locations within a few hours of the collection of such data.Weather forecasting was revolutionized in the 1920s by the work of a group of Norwegian scientists.This group provided a consistent and empirically based description of atmospheric circulation systems.Current weather­forecasting techniques were initiated by the theoretical work of American meteorologist Jule Charney in developing numerical weather prediction.Experimental numerical forecasts in 1950 proved so fruitful that they were soon adopted on a practical basis.Since then，computerized systems based on numerical models have become a central part of weather forecasting.

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