2016年高考第二轮复习英语版

　　专题升级训练十六　史地、自然、科普、资讯类阅读理解、信息匹配（一）

　　第一节　阅读理解

　　A

　　The Alps are the youngest and highest mountain system in Europe.They stretch across the western and southern part of the continent in a broad arc.The mountain range starts near the Mediterranean Sea on the border between France and Italy.Then it curves north and eastward through northern Italy，Switzerland，Liechtenstein，southern Germany，Austria and Slovenia.

　　The Alps are about 1,000 km long，and the broadest section is over 260 km wide.The highest peak，Mont Blanc，situated on the border between France，Italy and Switzerland，rises 4,807 meters above sea level.Other famous peaks are the Monte Rosa，the Matterhorn，the GroBglockner and the Zugspitze.

　　Millions of years ago the area of today's Alps was covered by a large sea that separated Europe and Africa.The southern land mass started moving northwards.This movement folded rock layers at the bottom of the sea.Heat and pressure transformed the rock and pushed the_material upwards.Today these regions are the highest parts of the Alps.Most of the newly formed rock is granite and gneiss，but many ranges consist of limestone which also formed on the seabed.

　　During the Ice Age，which started about a million years ago，the Alps were covered with a thick blanket of snow.Glaciers moved down valleys and made them wider and deeper.As they moved they took rock and other material with them，creating moraines（冰碛）．When glaciers started to melt water filled up behind these natural dams and created the alpine lakes we know today.

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