D. Because they lack confidence.
52. The text is mainly about ______.
A. America’s financial crisis, its cause and influence
B. relationship between American education and its economy
C. low rate of American college graduation, its cause and its influence
D. problems with American secondary education and possible solutions
D
A new study has found that it may be possible to train people to be more intelligent (聪明的), increasing the brainpower they had at birth.
Until now, it has been widely supposed that the kind of mental ability that allows us to solve new problems without having any relevant (相关的) former experience — what psychologists (心理学家) call fluid intelligence — is innate and cannot be taught (though people can raise their grades on tests of it by practicing).
But in the new study, researchers describe a method for improving this skill,along with experiments to prove it works.
The key, researchers found, was carefully structured training in working memory — the kind that allows memorization of a telephone number just long enough to dial it. This type of memory is closely related to fluid intelligence, so the researchers reasoned that improving it might lead to improvements in fluid intelligence.
First they measured fluid intelligence of volunteers using standard tests. Then they trained each in a complicated memory task — the child’s card game, in which they had to recall a card they saw and heard. During the course, they needed to ignore irrelevant items, monitor ongoing performance, manage two tasks at the same time and connect related items to one another in space and time.
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