安徽省明光英普辅导中心高考英语二轮复习精品课件：情态动词与虚拟语气_高考复习指南

安徽省明光英普辅导中心高考英语二轮复习精品课件：情态动词与虚拟语气

　　k —Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday. —You might have put it in the wrong place.(推测) If he had worked harder he might have succeeded.(虚拟语气) 3．“can/could＋have＋过去分词”表示对过去事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”，常用于否定句和疑问句；“could＋have＋过去分词”还可用于虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反。 My MP5 player isn't in my bag. Where can I have put it？(推测) Z

　　k If he had come yesterday, I could have told him about it.(虚拟语气)

　　4．“needn't＋have＋过去分词”表示过去没有必要做某事却做了，含有“本来不必”之意。 There was plenty of time. You needn't have hurried. 时间很多，你本来不必那么慌慌张张的。(实际上是慌慌张张来的) 5．“should/ought to＋have＋过去分词”表示过去本应做某事但没做，含有责备之意。 I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I should have driven her there. 6．“would＋have＋过去分词”用于虚拟语气，表示与过去的事实相反。 If I had not told him about the thing, he would never have known it.(虚拟语气) ◆点拨考生解题时要把握好两点： ①是推测还是虚拟； ②是肯定句、疑问句，还是否定句。 ◆拓展对现在事情的推测，表示“一定……，肯定……”时用must＋动词原形。 —Hi, Jane. Any idea where Tom is? —He must be in the workshop. I saw him there just now. ◆链接 “should/ought to＋have＋过去分词”的否定式表示过去本来不该做某事但做了。 —My cat is really fat. —You shouldn't have given it so much food. ◆拓展 “had better have done”表示对过去最好做了某事而没有做的一种遗憾，其否定式为“had better not have done”。 You had better not have scolded her. would like/love to have done表示过去想做某事但未做 I would love to have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. 三、虚拟语气 Ⅰ.非真实条件句的虚拟语气警示： (1)若条件句中有were, had, should，可把if省略，而把were, had, should放在主语前，形成倒装结构，这种结构主要用于书面语中。 Had you taken my advice(＝If you had taken my advice), you wouldn't have failed in the examination. 如果你听了我的建议，你就不会考试不及格了。 (2)有时主句和虚拟条件从句的动作发生的时间不一致，此时，主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式。 If you had worked hard, you would be very tired now. 如果你真的努力工作了，你现在就会感到很累的。(从句指过去，主句指现在) (3)有时虚拟条件并不通过条件从句表达出来，而是通过词、短语或上下文暗示，此时句子的时态要依具体情况而定。 ①Without electricity(＝If there were no electricity), life would be quite different today. 如果没有电，今天的生活就会完全不同。 ②He would have given you more help, but he was too busy. 他本来会给你更多的帮助，但是他太忙了。也就是说，如果那时他不忙，他可以给你更多的帮助。句中的but(he was too busy)实际上暗示了一个虚拟的条件——如果那时他不忙。 ③He would lose weight, but he eats too much. 他本来可以减肥的，但是他吃得太多了。也就是说，如果他吃得不多的话，他是可以减肥的。句中的but(he eats too much)实际上暗示了一个虚拟的条件——如果他吃得不太多。典例　(福建卷，34)—Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution. —I______it，but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A．attended