两个或两个以上的动词不定式并列在一起由and / or 连接时, 第一个不定式带to, 后面的不定式可省去to. 但如表示对比(照)等,则不省 to.如Her job is to take care of the children and (to) wash clothes. It’s better to laugh than to cry.
主 ( 宾 ) 语补足语中的 to be 往往省略。如 He was thought 〈 to be 〉 the cleverest boy in the group.大家认为他在小组中最聪明。 .特殊结构中的省略 Would sooner, had better, do nothing but, have nothing to do but, there’s nothing to do but, can’t help but, rather than 等后不定式符号 to 常省略。如:a) He would sooner die than surrender. b) I’d rather look after the baby than wash dishes. . 主语部分有一个表“做”的 do 的各种形式时,表语不定式常省 “to”如:What I really want to do is (to) go to the cinema.
4.从句中的省略 (1 〉宾语从句以 which, when, where, how 和 why 引导的宾语从句在其谓语与主句谓语相同时 , 可省略全部谓语 , 甚至主语也省略 , 仅保留一个wh-词。如 :She will go to Beijing, but I don't know when 〈 she will go to Beijing.〉 〈 2) 状语从句 在时间、地点、让步、方式、条件状语从句中 , 如果主语与主句主语一致 , 或者主语是 it. 那么动词 be 及其主语通常可省略,从而构成 "v-ing/v-ed/ 形容 词 / 介词 / 副词 " 结构。常见的有以下几种 :1. 时间状语从句 :Be careful when (you are)crossing the street.2. 条件状语从句 :He won't go to the party unless (he is)invited.3. 比较状语从句 :Country music today remains much the same as(it was)before.4. 让步状语从句 :Whether (it is)right or wrong, his opinion should be paid attention to.注意 :though, as 引导让步状语从句时,通常从句要倒装。从句倒装时, 如果从句的表语是可数名词单数, 将名词提前时,名词前面的冠词a/an 须省略。例 :Child as/though he is, he knows much about the society.=Though he is a child, he knows much about the society.注意 : 有些由 if 构成的省略结构 , 已属固定短语 , 如 if any, if necessary, if possible, if not, if so 等。例:a) If necessary, ring me at home.b) He may be busy’ If so, I'll call later. If not, can I see him now?
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