⑵主动:A fairy gave the princess a magic wand.=A fairy gave a magic wand to Princess Laura.
被动:The princess was given a magic wand by a fairy.或A magic wand was given to the princess.
总结含有双宾语的动词短语变为被动语态的规则:可以把任何一个宾语作为被动语态的主语;如果把直接宾语(即物体)作为主语,动词和直接宾语之间要添加相应的介词to或for。主动语态中无论使用give sb sth 还是give sth to sb,一律按照上述句子改写,即:
give sb sth 或give sth to sb → sb be given sth或sth be given to sb,这类含有介词to或for的短语见下表
主动语态 被动语态
send sb sth或send sth to sb sb be sent sth或sth be sent to sb
show sb sth或show sth to sb sb be shown sth或sth be shown to sb
buy sb sth或buy sth for sb sb be bought sth或sth be bought for sb
make sb sth或make sth for sb sb be made sth或sth be made for sb
⒉主谓宾+省略to的不定式(即宾补):使役动词变为被动语态时,原来省略的to一定要加上。
常见短语⑴make sb do sth→sb be made to do sth (主动语态不含to,被动语态必须带to。下同)
⑵hear sb do sth→sb be heard to do sth
⑶see sb do sth→sb be seen to do sth
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