But why do people conform in this way? In an easy task like this, it seems that people do not want to step out of line with the prevailing opinion of the group. On more difficult tasks, people also conform because they lose confidence in their own ability to make decisions and prefer to trust the majority opinion instead.
A typical example of this kind of conformity arises when we come across people in distress. Would you help a woman who has been attacked in the street? It turns out that you are much more likely to go to her assistance if you are alone. When other people are also around, a diffusion of responsibility occurs. People are paralysed into inaction, because everyone assumes that someone else will go to the woman's assistance.
1. In Paragraph 1, the underlined word “conform” probably means “ ”.
A. seek independence B. disobey orders
C. follow what others doD. seek pleasure
2. What is the purpose of the experiment described in Paragraph 2?
A. To explain why people would be influenced by the opinions of others.
B. To prove that people are easily influenced by the opinions of others.
C. To train the confederates of the experimenter as independent-minded.
D. To describe how people would be influenced by the opinions of others.
3. In the last paragraph, according to the author, why wouldn’t one help the woman?
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