The main threat came from separatist and Islamist groups from the North Caucasus, especially from Chechnya and Dagestan. One group claimed responsibility for two suicide bombings in Volgograd last December. The attacks killed more than 30 people. The city is only about 600 kilometers away from Sochi.

　　Bruce Hoffman is a terrorism export from Georgetown University in Washington DC. He says the increased security made Sochi a difficult target for terrorists.

　　It is thought that the terrorists' intention was to make life difficult for the Russians and to create some sort of incident that would take away the enjoyment.

　　The last Olympians from around the world on Russian soil was in 1980 .That was a year after Soviet troops invaded Afghanistan. More than sixty countries didn’t take part in the Moscow Summer Games to show their anger.

　　1. According to the passage, why did the Sochi Winter Olympics cost so much?

　　A. Because it was held at an area popular for vacation travelers.

　　B. Becauae the Russian government wanted to make it the best ever held.

　　C. Because security measures at Sochi were stricter than before.

　　D. Because the original plan was made 7 years before.

　　2. It can be known from the passage that Bruce Hoffman was

　　A. a terrorism expert from the USA

　　B.the writer who wrote this article

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