专题十
并列句和状语从句
【命题趋势探秘】
命题规律 考查内容 并列句 状语从句
考查热度 ☆☆☆ ☆☆☆
考查题型 语法填空,单项填空,短文改错,书面表达 语法填空,单项填空,短文改错,书面表达
所占分值 3—6分
3—6分
命题
趋势
并列连词和状语从句都是高考的高频考查内容。
1.对并列句的考查主要涉及并列连词while,when,for,so,and,but,yet,or的运用,并且会把定语从句、非谓语动词等作为干扰项同时出现;
2. 只要是两个并列成分的连接都必须要有连词,比如考查非谓语动词的试题就经常围绕题干有没有并列连词这一关键信息设题。
3.对状语从句的考查重点:1)时间、地点、原因、结果、条件、让步状语从句的连词的运用;2)状语从句的时态和省略;3)状语从句与其他句式比如定语从句和强调句的辨析;4)whatever、whoever、wherever等引导词与no matter what/who/where的不同用法。
【高频考点聚焦】
高考试题对并列连词和状语从句的考查主要出现在单项填空和语法填空试题中,完形填空和短文改错试题有时也将相关知识设置为考点;书面表达中适时使用一些状语从句会成为文章的亮点。
◇考点1常见并列句和并列连词
并列复合句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。在并列句中,这些简单句常由并列连接词连在一起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。常见的并列连词有:
1.表递进关系:用来表递进关系的并列连词有:and, not only...but also..., neither...nor...,not...but...等。
Not only did he speak more correctly,but also he spoke more easily.他不仅说得正确而且说得还很轻松。
2.表示选择关系:常用的并列连接词有or, either...or..., otherwise 等。
Don’t drive so fast or/otherwise you’ll have an accident.不要开那么快,否则你会出事的。
3.表示转折关系:常用的并列连词有:but, yet, whereas, while等。
Jane said she was ill, yet I saw her in the street just now.珍妮说她病了,但刚才我在街上看到了她。
4.说明因果关系:常用的并列连词有:so,for。
It must have rained last night for it is wet all over. 昨晚一定下雨了,到处都这么湿。
5.when还可用作并列连词,其意义为“那时,这时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于:①be doing something when... ②be about to/going to do/on the point of doing something when...③had just done something when...
We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain. 我们正打算动身,突然下起了雨。
6.while作为并列连词,意为“而,却”,表示对比。
He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music.他喜欢流行音乐,而我喜欢民族音乐。
【基础知识梳理】
表示并列或递进关系的并列连词
表示并列或递进关系的连词主要表示“和”,“补充”,“增加”等意思。常见的有and, both…and…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…,和as well as。
1.and可连接并列句,或连接句子成分。
Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is cleaner than ever.最终,艰苦的工作得到了回报,河水比以往更干净了。(高考例句)
I think Mrs. Stark could be anywhere between 50 and 60 years of age.我想,斯塔克夫人的年龄可能在50到60岁之间。(高考例句)
2. both…and…表示“……和……都”,“不但……而且”,用来连接并列句子成分,不能连接并列句。
From then on, I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower. 从那时起,我的个子和脑力都快速发达。(教材例句)
3.neither…nor…表示“既不……也不……;……和……都不”:用来连接并列句子成分,不能连接并列句。
There was neither wind nor waves, and there seemed to be little life.没有风浪,似乎没有生命存在。(教材例句)
4.as well as 连接并列句子成分,该结构作主语时,谓语动词的数与第一个成分保持一致。
He grows flowers as well as vegetables. 他既种菜也种花。(教材例句)
5.not only…but also表示“不仅……而且……”,also可被省略,可用来连接并列句或并列句子成分。如:
Some theme parks are not only amusing but also educational.有些主题公园不仅充满娱乐性,而且有教育性。(教材例句)
6. on (the)one hand…on the other hand表示“一方面……另一方面……”,用来连接并列句子成分,不能连接并列句。如:
Local Chinese food, on the other hand, is full of fresh vegetables and fresh meat and fish.另一方面,当地的中国菜有蔬菜、新鲜肉和鱼。(教材例句)
【核心考点讲练】
一.表示转折关系的并列连词
并列连词 功能 例句
连接并列成分 连接并列句
but √ √ We hadn’t had any warm food to eat all day, but we didn’t care.我们整天没有吃到热饭菜,但我们不在乎。(教材例句)
yet √ √ The tongue is not made of steel, yet it cuts. 舌头不是钢,一动把人伤。(谚语)
however √ X However, It really doesn’t matter to me.可是,这对我很重要。
while X √ That region has plenty of natural natural resources while this one has none.那个地区自然资源丰富,而这个地区却一点也没有。(词典例句)
whereas X √ They want a house, whereas we we would rather live in a flat.他们想买宅院,而我们宁可住单元楼。
二.表示因果关系的并列连词
表因果关系的并列连词中,for表理由,so表结果。
He shook his head, for he thought differently. 他摇了摇头,因为他有不同想法。
He told me to do it, so I did it. 他让我这样做,于是我就这样做了。
三.表选择关系的并列连词
并列连词 功能 例句
连接并列成分 连接并列句
or √ √ 1.Do you want to leave now or would you rather set off later?你想现在动身还是愿意晚点出发?(表选择)(词典例句)
2. Wear your coat or you’ll catch cold.穿上外套,否则你会着凉的。(表转折)(词典例句)
either…or… X √ There is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so. 事情本无好与坏,全在自己怎么想。
or else X √ Your book must be here, or else you’ve lost it.你的书应该在这里,要不就是你弄丢了。(词典例句)
not…but… √ X They own not one but three houses.他们不是拥有一幢,而是三幢房子。 (词典例句)
otherwise X √ We must run, otherwise we'll be too late. 我们得跑着去, 要不就太晚了(词典例句)
【典例1】(2016·天津)Give me a chance, ________ I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.
A. if
B. or C. and D. while
解析:句意:给我一个机会,那么我就会给你一个大惊喜。从语境的连贯看,这里用and表示顺接关系,用“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构,因此选C。if引导条件状语从句表示假设,or连接并列句表示转折含义,while引导并列句表示对比。
答案:C
【典例2】(2016·北京)Some animals carry seeds from one place to another, ______ plants can spread to new places.
A. so B. or C. for D. but
解析:句意:有些动物把种子从一个地方带到了另外一个地方,_____植物就可以传播到新地方了。so表示因果关系,意为“因此;于是”;or意为“否则;要不然”;for表示原因,进行补充说明;but意为“但是”,表示转折关系。根据carry seeds与spread to new places可知,两句之间存在因果关系。
答案:A
【技巧点拨】
“祈使句+and/or/otherwise+陈述句”
1)祈使句+ and(then, and then)+陈述句(前面的祈使句也可用名词(短语)替代)
在这个句型中,前边祈使句+ and(then,and then)相当于if引导的条件句。
Come early, and you’ll catch the first bus. =If you come early, you’ll catch the first bus.来早点,你就能赶上第一班汽车。
One more word, and I'll get angry with you.如果你再说一句话,我就生你的气了。
Another week, and the railway station will be completed.再有一周,火车站就完工了。
2祈使句+or/or else/otherwise+陈述句
在这个句型中,前边祈使句相当于unless引导的条件句。
Work hard, otherwise you’ll fail. =
Unless you work hard, you’ll fail.努力干,要不你会失败的。
Use your head, or else you won’t find a way.=
Unless you use your head,
you won’t find a way.
开动脑筋,否则,你就找不到办法。
◇考点2状语从句
【基础知识梳理】
状语从句的分类
类型 功能 引导词
时间状语从句 表示事情所发生的时间 1.when当……时
2.while当……时
3.as当……时
4.before在……之前
5.after在……之后
6.till/until直到……
7.since自……以来
8.whenever 无论何时;每当
9.once一旦
10. as soon as 一……就……
11. the moment/minute/second/instant一……就……
12.every/each time每次,每当
13.any time不管什么时候
14.the first/second,etc time第一/二次等
15.(the) last/next time上次/下次……
16.by the time到……的时候
17.immediately/ directly/ instantly一……就……
18.hardly/ scarcely/barely…when/before一……就……
19.no sooner…than一……就……
地点状语从句 表示事情所发生的地点或事物所在的地点 1.where在……的地方
2.wherever无论在什么地方
3.everywhere到处,处处
4. anywhere在任何地方
原因状语从句 表示主句所发生的原因或理由 1.because 因为
2.since 既然
3. as 由于
4.seeing(that) 既然
5.now (that)既然
6.considering (that)鉴于,既然
7.in that因为
条件状语从句 表示事情所发生的条件 1.if如果,假如
2.unless除非
3.provided/providing (that) 假如,若是
4.supposing (that)假定,假设
5.in case如果
6.assuming that假设
7.given that假使
8.as/so long as只要
9.on condition that条件是
目的状语从句 表示目的 1. so (that)以便
2. in order that以便
3. in case以防,以免
4. for fear (that)以便不,已防
5. lest免得,以防 with the purpose that, in the hope that
结果状语从句 表示已取得的结果 so (that)因此
so/such…that如此……以至于
让步状语从句 表示条件(退让一步) 1.从属连词:though(虽然), although(虽然),even if(即使,纵使),even though(即使,纵使),whether(不管,无论),while(尽管,虽然),if(哪怕),as(虽然),no matter whether (不管,无论),when(本来可以……却);
2.从属连接代词:whatever, no matter what(无论什么); whoever, no matter who(无论谁); whichever, no matter which(无论哪个)
3.从属连接副词:however,no matter how(无论如何), whenever, no matter when(无论何时); wherever, no matter where(无论何地)
方式状语从句 表示方式 1.as如同……一样
2.like如同……一样
3.(just)as…so…正如;就像……所以
4.as if, as though仿佛,好像……似的
比较状语从句 表示比较 1. as…as和……一样
2.not as/so…as不如……
3.than
4.the+比较级,the+比较级
【核心考点讲练】
一.时间状语从句
1.when,while和as
1)when既可引导一个持续动作,也可引导一个短暂动作,可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作;当when引导的时间状语从句为系表结构,而且其主语和主句的主语一致,其表语又是一个名词时,就可以用以as引导的省略句来代替when引导的从句。另外,注意下面几个结构:be doing sth when(正在做某事时突然),have hardly/just/scarcely done sth when(刚一……就),be about to do sth when(正准备……突然……)。如:
Nancy enjoyed herself so much when she visited her friends in Sydney last year.南希去年去悉尼看望她的朋友时玩的很开心。
2)从属连词while引导的动作必须是持续性的,侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。如:
I want the girls to experience that while they are young.我希望那些女孩们趁着年轻的时候去体验一下那样的生活。
3)从属连词as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成,可译为“一边……,(一边……)”或“随着……”。如:
As time goes on,it’s getting warmer and warmer.随着时间的推移,天气变得越来越暖和了。
4)如果主句表示的是短暂动作,而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作,此时when,while与as可互换使用。如:
When/While/ As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine. 当我沿大街行走时,碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。
2.as soon as,immediately,directly, instantly, the moment/minute/ instant, no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely...when...和once(一……就……)
这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生,表示“一……就……”。从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。
You’ll feel excited the moment the star steps out of the plane.那个明星走出机舱的那一刻,你就会感到兴奋。
注意:no sooner...than,hardly/scarcely...when这一结构中,no sooner与hardly/scarcely引导的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时,而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外,当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时,应用倒装语序。
3.till, until和not…until
1)until或till表示“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”,此时主句谓语动词是延续性动词,主、从句都为肯定式。这两个词可以换用,但till不可以置于句首,而until可以。如:
If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it, or I’ll wait until it comes out on DVD.如果很多人说电影不好看,我就不会去看,或者我要等到DVD出来才看。
2)not…until“某动作直到某时间才开始”,主句谓语动词是非延续性动词,从句为肯定式。如:
I won’t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he has been working on it for more than an hour.直到这个学生做这道数学题做了一个小时以上的时候,我才会告诉他答案。
I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time before Brian get back.对不起,让你等了这么长时间,可是布莱恩要过一会才回来。
4.before与since
1)before用来表示“还未……就……;不到……就……;……才……;还没来得及”, before从句中谓语不用否定式。before的常见句式:
It will be+一段时间+before...多久之后才……如:
It will be half a year before I come back. 还得呆半年我才能回来。
2)since+状语从句表示“自从……有多长时间”,从句谓语一般是非延续性动词,主句的谓语动词是延续性的或者是反复发生过的动作。since从句的时态若是一般过去时,主句中的时态是现在完成时或现在完成进行时。如:
I have written home four times since I came here.自从我来到这儿,我给家写了四封信。
在“It is+一段时间+since从句”句型中,时间的计算一律从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。
It is three years since I smoked.(=since I stopped smoking).我不吸烟有三年了。
It is three years since I began to smoke. 我吸烟有三年了。
5.名词短语every time,each time, any time, (the)last/next time, the moment/second/instant可以用来引导时间状语从句,表示“每次……,任何时候……,上次/下一次……,刚一……”等含义。如:
You looked tired last time I saw you.我上次见到你的时候,你看起来很疲倦。
The last time she saw James, he was working in a small firm.上次她看见James的时候,他正在一家小公司上班。
6. while与when都可以表示对比与对照。when表示“本可以……却”,而while表示两个实际情况的对比,它引导的从句可以放在主句前面,表示“虽然,尽管”,也可放在主句后面,此时译为“而,可是”。如:
I wonder why one man makes an important discovery while another man, also clever, fails. 我不知道为何一个人做出了重大的发现,而另一个人也很聪明,却失败了。
Why do you come here to ask for a sick leave when you can make a call to the teacher? 你本来可以给老师打电话就够了,为什么却来到这里请病假?
二.条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的从属连词有:if,unless(=if...not,除非),so/as long as(只要),in case(万一),on condition that(条件是),suppose/supposing(假设,如果),provided that(如果), as long as(只要)等。如:
Unless you’ve tried it on, you can’t imagine how pleasant the new style dress is.除非你穿上试试,不然你难以想象这件套裙的新式样有多好。
Suppose/Supposing(that)they refuse us,who else can we turn to for help?假如他们拒绝了我们,我们还会求助谁?
He told us that he was very happy where he was.他告诉我,他现在这样就很快乐。
Wherever there is smoke,there is a fire.无火不生烟。(无风不起浪)
Lifting off at sunrise, the hot air balloon goes wherever the wind blows.热气球在日出时升腾到空中,随风漂流。
三.地点、原因状语从句
1.引导地点状语从句的从属连词有where,wherever。
Where there’s will there’s a way.有志者事竟成。(谚)
2.原因状语从句
引导原因状语从句的从属连词有:because,as,since,now that,seeing that,considering that。另外,when还表示原因,即since, considering that 既然;考虑到。并列连词for加分句也可表示原因,for引导的分句对前面的内容补充说明。
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes.既然你步行5分钟能到那里,却打车,真够愚蠢的。
Now (that)/Since it is so hot, I guess we can’t do anything until after dark.既然天这么热,我想我们只有等天和之后才能做事。
除了状语从句外,一些介词短语同样可以表示原因,这样的短语有:because of,thanks to,due to,owing to等。
四.目的、结果状语从句
1.目的状语从句
1.in order that与so that
两个连词意为“以便……;为了……”,引导的状语从句中需用情态动词,in order that比so that正式,引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后,而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
When he goes out, he often wears sunglasses so that/in order that nobody/no one can recognize him.他出门的时候常戴着墨镜,以便没人能认出他。
注:so…that引导结果状语从句,如:
So advanced is the camera that it can be adjusted to take pictures in any weather conditions. 这部照相机很高级,因此相机可以调节,以便在任何天气情况下都能拍照。
2.for fear that,in case
The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father should see him.那个男孩藏在树后面,以防他父亲看到他。
Take your raincoat in case/lest it should rain.带上雨衣以防下雨。
2.结果状语从句
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有:so that,in order that,for fear that,in case,lest等。
1.引导结果状语从句的从属连词有:so that,so...that...,such...that...。当so或such置于句首时,主句要用倒装语序。在非正式语体中,由so...that...,such...that...引导的句子中that可以省略,注意其结构形式:
so+形容词/副词+that从句
so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数形式+that从句
so+many/much/few/little(少)+名词+that从句
such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数形式+that从句
such+形容词+可数名词复数形式/不可数名词+that从句
such+a lot of/lots of+名词+that从句
Do as you are told to, or you’ll be fired.告诉你怎么做就怎么做,否则就解雇你。
五.让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句的连词有:
1. although/though(尽管,虽然),even though/even if(即使)
although与though两者意思相同,一般可互换,都可以与yet或still连用,但不能和but连用。
Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, even though they knew it to be valuable.他们很多人不听他的意见,尽管他们知道他的意见很有价值。
注意:though还可用作副词,意为“可是,然而”,置于句末。如:
He said he would come; he didn’t, though.他说他会来,可是没有来。
2.as或though引导让步状语从句的倒装
as或though从句一般放在主句之前,常用倒装语序。从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是单数名词,前置时要省略冠词。如:
Child as he is,he knows a lot.尽管他是孩子,懂得很多。
Much as I like it,I won’t buy it.虽然我很喜欢,但不会买的。
Try as she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.尽管苏尝试了,但她还是没能打开门。(高考例句)
3.whether...or...(不管……还是……);疑问词+ever与no matter+疑问词(不管……;无论……),如whatever,whoever, whichever, however,whenever, wherever等
Actually, whoever works hard can be whatever he wants to be, whether it is a pilot, an engineer or a manager.实际上,不管谁,只要努力学习了就能实现自己的愿望,不管是想当飞行员、工程师还是经理。
4.when,while还可作从属连词,相当于although。
Suddenly, she stopped short when she ought to have continued.尽管她应该继续下去,她却突然停住了。
六.比较、方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的从属连词有:as,as if,as though等。方式状语从句应放在主句之后。其中as if或as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气,但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现,也可用陈述语气。
Jack wasn't saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done something very clever.杰克什么也没有说,但是老师对他微笑了,好像他做了什么非常明智的事情一样。(高考例句)
引导比较状语从句的连词有than; as…as; not so…as;the+比较级,the+比较级
The situation of unemployment has not been so serious as (is) expected.失业的情况不像(人们)想象的那么糟糕。
【典例1】(2016·山东)I don’t really like the author,_______ I have to admit his books are very exciting.
A. although
B. unless
C. until
D. once
解析:句意:尽管我不得不承认他的书很令人心动,但我真的不喜欢这位作者。分析题意可知前后两句并没有时间关系或条件关系,而关键词don’t really like(并不真喜欢)与very exciting(激动人心的)构成前后逻辑语义上的强烈对比,故用让步状语从句的引导词although符合题意。解答此题的关键是准确理解前后语境,考生会误认为是考查not…until…结构而错选until。
答案:A
【典例2】(2016·江苏)Lessons can be learned to face the future, ________ history cannot be changed.
A. though
B. as
C. since
D. unless
解析:句意:可以吸取经验教训来面对未来,_____历史不能被改变。分析题意可知主从句之间属于让步关系,因此选A表示“虽然,尽管”。可as引导让步状语从句,表“虽然,尽管”时必须倒装,since表示“自从……以来;既然”,unless表示“除非”,都不符合句意。
答案:A
【技巧点拨】
状语从句的紧缩现象
为了简洁起见,有的状语从句(如时间状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句等)有时可省略从句的主语和部分谓语(尤其是当从句主语与主句主语一致时),构成“when/while/if/once/until, etc. +现在分词/过去分词/形容词/名词/介词短语/副词”的结构。如:
When dealing with(=When you deal with)an emergency, you should stay calm.在处理紧急状况时,你应该保持冷静。
While (I was)in Beijing,I paid a visit to the Summer Palace. 在北京时,我参观了颐和园。
Some flowers shut up at night as if to sleep.有些花夜间收拢,好像为了睡眠一样。
有些由if构成的省略结构,已属固定短语,如if any, if necessary, if possible, if ever, if so, if not等。
专题热点集训10 并列句和状语从句
(45分钟)
I. 单项填空
1.(201·北京) He is a shy man,________ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.
A. so
B. but
C. or
D. as
2.(201·安徽)A. Where
B. As
C. In case
D. Now that
3.(201·安徽)A. Once
B. Since
C. Though
D. Unless
4.(201·湖南)A. If only
B. After
C. Although
D. In case
5.(201·湖南)Video games can be a poor influence if ________ in the wrong hands.
A. to leave
B. leaving
C. leave
D. left
6.(201·福建)
________ the students came from different countries,they got along quite well in the summer camp.
A. While
B. Unless
C. Since
D. Until
7.(201·重庆) In my hometown,there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat ______ cut.
A. will have been
B. will be
C. was
D. has been
8.(201·北京) ________ the damage is done,it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
A. Until
B. Unless
C. Once
D. Although
9.(201·北京) You won't find paper cutting difficult ________ you keep practicing it.
A. even though
B. as long as
C. as if
D. ever since
10.(2016·浙江)Cathy had quit her job when her son was born _______ she could stay home and raise her family.
A.now that
B. as if
C. only if
D. so that
II. 完形填空
(201·天津)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My fiance(未婚夫) and I were excited about shopping for our first home. But our funds were __11__,and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.
One agent __12__ a house in particular. Although her description sounded wonderful,the price was __13__ our range,so we declined. But she kept urging us to have a look __14__.
We finally did and it was __15__ at first sight. It was Our Home,small and charming,overlooking a quiet lake. Walking through the rooms and talking with the owners,a nice elderly couple,we felt the warmth and __16__ of the marriage within that home. As perfect as it was,the price remained too high for us. But every day,we would sit by the lake,looking at the house and dreaming of __17__ it would be like to live there.
Days later,we made a(n)__18__—far below the asking price. Surprisingly,they didn't __19__ us. They renewed their offer __20__. It was also much more than we could afford,but far __21__ than the original asking price.
The next day,we got a __22__ message that another buyer had offered a much higher price. Even so,we decided to talk with the __23__ directly. We made our final offer,which __24__ was thousands of dollars less than the other buyer's bid. We knew it,__25__ we had to try.
“Sold!” said the owner. Then he __26__: He'd seen us sitting by the lake all those times; he knew how much we loved the place and that we'd __27__ the years of work they had put into their home; he realized he would take a __28__ by selling it to us,but it was worthwhile; we were the people they wanted to live there. He told us to consider the __29__ in the price “an early wedding present.”
That's how we found our home and how I learned that when people are __30_,they are not strangers,only friends we haven't yet met.
11. A. needed
B. limited
C. enough
D. large
12. A. recommended
B. decorated
C. sold
D. rented
13. A. below
B. within
C. beyond
D. between
14. A. at least
B. at most
C. at times
D. at hand
15. A. relief
B. concern
C. love
D. curiosity
16. A. pride
B. happiness
C. challenge
D. desire
17. A. which
B. why
C. that
D. what
18. A. effort
B. offer
C. promise
D. profit
19. A. come across
B. look after
C. depend on
D. laugh at
20. A. instead
B. indeed
C. aside
D. apart
21. A. worse
B. better
C. less
D. higher
22. A. relaxing
B. disappointing
C. pleasant
D. regular
23. A. agents
B. buyers
C. managers
D. owners
24. A. already
B. still
C. generally
D. ever
25. A. so
B. or
C. for
D. but
26. A. apologized
B. complained
C. criticized
D. explained
27. A. check
B. analyze
C. appreciate
D. ignore
28. A. loss
B. risk
C. chance
D. lead
29. A. increase
B. difference
C. interest
D. average
30. A. kind
B. polite
C. smart
D. energetic
III. 阅读理解
(201·重庆)31. The author didn't finish the reading in class because ________.
A. he was new to the class
B. he was tired of literature
C. he had an attention disorder
D. he wanted to take the task home
32. What do we know about Louis Braille from the passage?
A. He had good sight.
B. He made a great invention.
C. He gave up reading.
D. He learned a lot from school.
33. What was Mrs.Smith's attitude to the author at the end of the story?
A. Angry.
B. Impatient.
C. Sympathetic.
D. Encouraging.
34. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. The disabled should be treated with respect.
B. A teacher can open up a new world to students.
C. One can find his way out of difficulties with efforts.
D. Everyone needs a hand when faced with challenges.
IV. 微写作
(2015·全国新课标卷Ⅰ)
专题热点集训10 并列句和状语从句
参考答案与解析
I. 单项填空
1.
2. A
句意:在曾经想要放弃的地方,他现在下定决心要去争取进步并继续前行。此处where引导的地点状语从句用来修饰giving up,即作状语表示“放弃”的地点。as 表“因为,当……时候,尽管”等意;in case 万一;now that 因为。
3. C
句意:尽管科学家对宇宙已经了解了许多,但仍然有许多我们不能知晓的东西。C项“尽管”,符合题意。once一旦;since自从,因为;unless除非。
4. C
根据句意:尽管这项工作花费了大量的时间,但是大多数同学都一致认为这次经历很值得所花的时间。although尽管,引导让步状语从句,符合题意。故选C。
5. D
观察句子我们可以看出在if引导的条件状语从句中没有主语,那么我们可以认为是省略了。此时的动词应该使用非谓语动词形式,关键是看这个动词和句子主语的主被动关系。主动就用-ing形式,被动就用动词的过去分词形式。句意:如果被放在错误的使用者手里,视频游戏有时是一个坏的影响。主语video games 和动词leave 之间是被动关系。故选D。
6. A
句意:尽管学生们来自不同的国家,他们在夏令营里相处融洽。while尽管,在……期间;unless除非;since既然,自从;until直到。故选A。
7. D
句意:在我的家乡,当小麦全部收割完之后,农民们总会办个丰收的晚宴。在时间状语从句中,用现在完成时来代替将来完成时,用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
8. C
根据句意:一旦破坏造成了,农田要花很长时间才能恢复过来。once连词,意思是:一旦,符合题意。故选C。
9. B
根据句意:只要你坚持练习,你就不会觉得剪纸难。even though意为:即使;as long as意为:只要;as if 意为:好像;even since意为:自从。故选D。
10. D
句意:在儿子出生的时候,凯西就已经辞掉了工作,为的是能够待在家里养育孩子。now that“因为;既然”;as if“好像”;only if“只有在……的条件下”;so that“为的是;以至于”,根据句意,应该选D。
II. 完形填空
III. 阅读理解
IV. 微写作
书面表达范文
I'd like to ask you to write an article for our school's English newspaper.
The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is very popular among us students.It carries articles written by foreign friends about the cultures of their home countries.Would you please write something about the culture in your part of the United States?And we would especially welcome articles about how Americans spend their holidays and festivals,and the life of American high school students.You can write anything relevant so long as it's interesting and informative,400 words will be fine. Could we have your article before June 28?
I'm looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
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