Frederick Bailey was born around 1818 in Maryland. He was born a slave but later became one of America’s greatest leaders. His mother died when Frederick was about seven years old.

　　Frederick then lived with his grandparents, Betsey and Isaac Bailey. He said that his grandparents had a loving home and were respected by other slaves in the area. Because of this, he did not realize at first that someone owned him and the others.

　　In 1826, Frederick was sent to work for Hugh Auld, in Baltimore, Maryland. Mr. Auld’s wife, Sophia, treated him as if he were a member of her family. Mrs. Auld soon began to teach Frederick to read. Her husband became extremely angry and ordered her to stop immediately. Mr. Auld said if slaves could read they would rebel (造反) and run away.

　　In 1836, Frederick met and fell in love with a free black woman named Anna Murray. Murray had a job cleaning other people’s homes. She gave Frederick money to help him escape by getting on a train to New York City.

　　When Frederick Bailey reached New York he changed his name to Frederick Douglass to hide his identity from slave capturers (捕获者). Anna Murray joined him and they were married. They settled in New Bedford, Massachusetts and had five children. In 1841, he attended the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society meeting in Nantucket, Massachusetts. Douglass was unexpectedly asked to give a speech to describe his experiences as a slave. Most of the supporters were white. The crowd praised him.

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