二、阅读理解

　　Given Australia’s size and the fact that early settlements were far apart，Australian society is remarkably homogeneous．Its citizens are fundamentally prosperous and the way of life in the major cities and towns is much the same however many miles divide them. It takes a sharp ear to identify regional accents.

　　However，there is some difference in lifestyle between city dwellers and the country people.Almost 90 percent of the population lives in the fast-paced cities along the coast and has little more than a passing familiarity with the desert.The major cities preserve pockets of colonial heritage，but the overall impression is modern，with new buildings reflecting the country’s youth.In contrast，the rural communities tend to be slow-moving and conservative.For many years，Australia was said to have “ridden on the sheep’s back”，a reference to wool being the country’s main money earner.However，the wool industry is no longer dominant.Much of Australia’s relatively sound economy is now achieved from natural coal and wheat，and by being the largest diamond producer in the world. Newer industries

　　such as tourism and wine making are also increasingly important.Australians are generally friendly and relaxed，with a self-deprecating sense of humour.On the whole，Australia is a society without hierarchies (等级制度)，an attitude generally held to stem from its prisoner beginnings.

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