完形填空的设空十分巧妙。从近几年的高考试题来看,完形填空的设空以考查名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词等实词为主,以介词、连词等虚词为辅。选项一般为词性相同或者属于同一范畴的词,如只从句子层面看,有时四个选项中任何一个都可填入相应的空格,但是联系上下文语境,答案只有一个。这表明,完形填空题通常以语境为基础,结合不同的方法来设空,因此,考生在平时训练时应当培养自己根据上下文提供的信息进行理解、分析以及推理判断的能力。
典例1
...Before I called out their names and handed them their gifts,I __34(reminded)__ them that they couldn’t open their presents __35__ every child had come forward.Finally the __36(moment)__ they had been waiting for came as I called out,“One,two,three.Open your presents!” As the children...
35.A.afterB.until
C.when
D.since
得分点 35.B。考查语境中语法知识的运用。not...until...表示“直到……才……”。从下文的“One,two,three.Open your presents!”可知,在分发礼物时,“我”提醒每个人先不要打开礼物,即“等到孩子们都来了,都拿到礼物了再打开”,故用until。
典例2
...
Ralph Waldo Emerson once said,“People only see what they are __9(prepared)__ to see.” If that’s true,then it is also __10__ that they only become what they are prepared to become.And many things in life are just about getting ready.
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