2017高考精准考点：高中英语语法解析　非谓语动词_高考复习指南

　　该句型若变成被动语态，即将宾语提到句首作主语，原主动语态中的宾语补足语此时在被动语态中起到补充说明主语的作用，所以改称主语补足语。例如：

　　A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.

　　此句中 smoking 是主语 he的补足语，所以称为主语补足语。

　　A cook will be immediately fired if someone finds him smoking in the kitchen.

　　此句中 smoking 是宾语 him 的补足语，所以称为宾语补足语。

　　二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语（宾语）补足语

　　分词作主语（宾语）补足语时，若主语（宾语）与分词之间是主动关系，则用现在分词表示主动；如果主语（宾语）与分词之间是被动关系，则用过去分词表示被动。例如：

　　He was heard singing in the next room.

　　He was singing. 主语 he 与补足语“唱歌”之间是主动关系, 故用现在分词 singing。

　　One of the glasses was found broken.

　　One of the glasses was broken. 主语 one of the glasses 与补足语“打破”之间是被动关系, 故用过去分词 broken。

　　Don't leave the water running while you brush your teeth.（2004年天津卷）

　　The water is running. 宾语 the water 与补足语“淌”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词 running。

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