The climate of South China is much better than that of Japan.(that指the climate)
(二)作无人称代词
it作无人称代词时,除了句中找不到它所代表的词语外,另一个特点是它后面的内容都是表示天气、时间、距离、度量衡及情况等。
It is fine (rainy, windy, etc.).
It is noon.
It is a half hour’s walk to the factory.
It is eighteen square metres in area.
What does it matter?
(三)作强调词,构成强调结构
用以帮助改变句子结构,使句子的某一成分受到强调。“It is (was) + 所强调的成分 + that (who) + 其它成分。”在这个句型中,it本身没有词义。注意: 在强调结构中,如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语,其后的连接词也绝不能为when 或where,而应用that 。在复习中,一定要注意句式的不同。
It was in Shanghai that I bought the guitar.(that引起强调句)
It was Shanghai where I bought the guitar.(where引起定从)
It was twelve o'clock when we arrived there.(when引起时间状语从句)
It was at twelve o'clock that we arrived there.(that 引起强调句)
(四)引导词it作形式主语(宾语)
为了使句子平衡,常采用形式主语(或宾语)it ,而把真正的主语(或宾语)置于句子后面。通常引导词it与它所代替的句子成分中间要夹有某些词。
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