British scientists at the University of Bristol are studying colonies(群体)of army ants to understand how they organize themselves and share knowledge.These insects—which come in various sizes—are known for using their bodies as living plugs to cover holes on the uneven ground between their nest and their prey.When they meet a hole in their path, they can quickly determine which of them is the best fit.The appropriate ant then lies across the gap, allowing the remainder of the group—as many as 200,000 other ants—to step on its back.This important minority of ants makes the food collection of the entire colony in the best possible way by “paving the way” for the others.

　　The collective behavior that emerges from a group of social insects, such as ants, can be called “swarm intelligence”. Swarm intelligence consists of the self­organization of many individuals that work collectively to find the best solution to a difficult problem.The concepts of swarm intelligence have been used in a variety of human applications.It has been used as a method that improves the efficiency of goods transfers on airplanes, and has even become a routing technique for moving data across telecommunications networks more smoothly.You could say that our daily lives benefit from the tireless work of ants.

　　20．What can we learn from ants according to the text?

　　A．How to help others to achieve great goals.

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