4．D　主旨大意题。从第三、第四、第五段的内容来看，它们主要介绍了太阳能炉的三种不同的构造形式。

　　B

　　Successful people in international business understand the cultures of other countries and learn to change their practices in different cultures.They understand the importance of avoiding business decisions based on misconceptions—mistaken ideas.

　　One cause of misconceptions is ethnocentrism, the belief that one's own culture's way of doing things is better than the way of other cultures.It's ethnocentrism that leads to failure in international business.To avoid ethnocentrism, it's necessary to study the different elements(组成部分) of culture: language, values and attitudes，and customs and manners.

　　Language

　　A knowledge of the local language can help international business people in four ways.First, people can communicate directly.Second, people are usually more open in their communication with someone who speaks their language.Third, an understanding of the language allows people to infer meanings that are not said directly.Finally, knowing the language helps people to understand the culture better.

　　Values and Attitudes

　　Values are people's basic beliefs about the difference between right and wrong, good and bad.An attitude is a way of thinking or acting.Values and attitudes influence international business.For example, many people in the United States believe that chocolate from Switzerland is better than chocolate from other countries, and they buy a lot of it.

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