2017届新课标高考英语精华知识点：动词语态_高考复习指南

2017届新课标高考英语精华知识点：动词语态

　　B. “get+过去分词”结构被动语态除常用“be +过去分词”构成外，还可用“get+过去分词”结构。这种结构多用在口语中，强调动作的结果。 The boy got hurt when he was riding to school. 那孩子骑车上学时受伤了。 Did your letter get answered 你收到回信了吗？注意：用“get+过去分词”结构时，其后的动作执行者（即by短语）一般不表示出来。 Finally his bike got repaired. 最后他的自行车得到了修理。 As I passed by, my skirt got caught on a nail. 我经过的时候，我的裙子被钉子挂住了。

　　C．“seemappear +过去分词”结构有时“seemappear +过去分词”也可以构成被动语态。 She seemed annoyed by his words. 她似乎被他的话搞得很恼火。 The house appears deserted. 这房子好像没人居住。提示：并不是所有的“be+过去分词”结构中的be都能被get或seem, appear等词代替。【误】She got born in a small village. 【正】She was born in a small village. 她出生在一个小村庄。【误】The old man got offered a large sum of money. 【正】The old man was offered a large sum of money. 这位老人获得了一大笔钱。【误】Colin got caught cheating in the exam. 【正】Colin were caught cheating in the exam. 科林考试作弊被抓住了。

　　D．被动语态中常用的介词 1．by表示动作的执行者或施加者 By whom is the book written 这本书是谁写的？ The children were driven indoors by the rain. 孩子们被雨赶进了室内。 2．with表示用某种工具 The wolf was killed with a gun. 狼被枪打死了。 The field was spread with wild flowers. 田野里野花遍地。 3．from表示源于某种物质（看不出原材料） Good wine is made from grain. 好酒是粮食制成的。 4．of表示用某种材料制成（看得出原材料） The table is made of wood. 这张桌子是用木头做的。 5．其他介词 You are wanted on the phone. 有电话找你。 He is known to everybody. 大家都认识他。 She was caught in the rain. 她遭雨淋了。注意：动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示，但被动语态句子中的by短语并不总是表示动作执行者。 A policeman is known by the clothes he wears. 警察可以通过他的服装辨认出来。（by表示方式） He was much flattered by her asking him to dinner. 她邀请他吃晚饭，他受宠若惊了。（by表示原因） The snow was piled high by the gate. 门口雪堆积得很高。（by表示地点）