2.也可以指动物Is this your dog?No, it isn’t.
3用来指代人。说明某人的身份或者做某事的人;指代婴儿或儿童;在不清楚某人性别时,也可使用 it,尤其在问答的形式中更为常见。例如: 1.It is my turn. 轮到我了。1.①. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain....) that .....He happened to meet his teacher in the street. He seems to enjoy pop songs very much.
5.it代替连接代词或连接副词引导的从句作形式主语
(1)It is known(not decided,not made clear,found out,discussed,being discussed,being considered,a question,uncertain等)+连接代词或连接副词引导的从句。
It is still a question when we shall have our sports meet.
我们将什么时候举行运动会还是一个问题。
It is uncertain whether he can attend this conference or not.
他能否来开会还不能确定。
(2)It doesn't matter(It's no wonder;It doesn't make too much difference等)+连接代词或连接副词引导的从句。
It doesn't matter whether we go together or separately.我们一起去还是分开去都可以。
It is no wonder why he came here too late.他为什么来这么晚不足为怪
(二)作形式主语替代不定式 1. ①. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语,如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起,主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。 常见的有: bad , brave , careless, clever , cruel , foolish , good (好心的), honest , horrible , kind , lazy , modest , naughty , nice(有教养的), polite, rude , silly , stupid , wise , wrong(错误的)等。 这个句型可以改写为:sb. is kind to do sth. 。 It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. ②. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 该句型与上一个同属一个句型,如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起,主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性,紧迫性,频繁程度,难易,安全等情况的形容词。 常见的形容词有:① important, necessary, natural ② easy , safe , common , normal , hard , difficult , dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant等。 =在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写, 如: It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party. 2.It takes sb. ... to do sth. 该句型中的不定式是真正的主语,it是形式主语,句型中的直接宾语是时间,常译为"做...要花费某人..."。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. (三) 作形式主语替代ing形式 It is no good / no use/useless doing sth. 该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语 It is no good learning English without speaking English. It's useless trying to argue with Shylock. 五、作形式宾语,代替不定式,ing形式,宾语从句。 1. We think it important to learn a foreign language. 该句型中的it 作形式宾语,为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为"6123结构"。 6指主句中常用的动词:think,believe,make,find,consider,feel; 1指的是形式宾语it;2指的是宾补的两种形式:形容词或名词; 3指的是真正宾语的三种形式:不定式短语,动名词短语或that等引导的宾语从句。 We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
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