单词 1. alternative n.(二者当中)选一个,供选择的东西 adj.(二者当中)选其一的,供选择的 归纳拓展 (1)have no alternative but to do...除……外别无选择 alternative ways可供选择的两种方法 alternative energy替代性能源 (2)alternatively adv.两者挑一地 (3)alternate v.交替;轮流 alternate...and/with使交替发生或出现;轮流安排 知识要点 例句:Caught in the act,he had no alternative but to confess. 他被当场抓住,除了招供外别无选择。 I offered the alternative suggestions of spending the holiday in the mountains or by the sea. 我建议这次度假是到山上或是去海边。 We tried to alternate periods of work with sleep. 我们尽量让工作与睡眠交替进行。 知识要点 【链接训练】 ①When travelling,you are advised to take travellers checks,which provide a secure ________ to carrying your money in cash. A.substitute B.selection C.preference D.alternative 【解析】句意为:建议旅行时携带旅行支票,这比带现金安全。alternative意为“变通方法,选择余地”,后接to/of sth.。A项意为“代替者,代用品”,后接for;B项意为“挑选”,强调在众多的数目中挑选,后接of;C项意为“偏爱”,后接for。 【答案】D 知识要点 ②You may as well go outing all by yourself; ________ I may keep you company. A.differently B.alternatively C.accordingly D.automatically 【解析】考查副词辨析。句意为:你不妨自己去郊游;要么我可以陪你去。alternatively“二者择一地”。differently“不同地”;accordingly“相应地”;automatically“自动地”。 【答案】B 知识要点 2. limit n.(事物的)界限;限度;极限 vt. 限定;限制 归纳拓展 (1)set a limit to=put a limit on限制;对……加以限制 to the limit达到极点 within limits适度地,有限地 (2)limit sth.to限定;把……限制在…… limit sb.to(doing)sth.限制某人做某事 (3)limited adj.有限的,受限制的 be limited to局限于 知识要点 例句:They attempt to set a limit on consumer waste. 他们试图设定消费者的浪费限度。 No fishing is allowed within a twentymile limit. 20英里以内不准垂钓。 I limit myself to three glasses of beer a day. 我限制自己一天喝三杯啤酒。 The teaching of history should not be limited to time and figure. 历史教学不能只局限于时间和人物。 知识要点 【链接训练】 ①—Is there any ________ to the expense of the trip? —I’m not clear about it.You’d better ask the manager. A.level B.limit C.matter D.standard 【解析】句意为:——旅行花费有限制吗?——我不太清楚。你最好问问经理。limit意为“限定,限制”,符合题意。level“水平”;matter“物质,事情”;standard“标准”。 【答案】B 知识要点 ②There was not much time left,so the speaker was asked to ________ his speech to ten minutes. A.make B.limit C.do D.give 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意为:剩下的时间不多了,因此演讲者被要求把演讲限制到十分钟。limit“限制”,符合题意。 【答案】B 知识要点 例句:The police charged him with careless driving. 警察指控他开车疏忽。 The hotel charged me £10 for a room for one night.那个旅馆一个房间一晚上收了我10英镑。 He was left in charge of the shop while the manager was away. 经理不在时,他留下来负责这个商店。 The park is open to the public free of charge. 公园对公众免费开放。 知识要点 同类辨析 charge与accuse charge与accuse都含有“控告;谴责”的意思。 (1)charge指“因犯较大错误或重大罪行而进行正式法律控诉”。 (2)accuse指“当面指控或指责,不一定诉诸法庭”。 例句:They accused him of taking bribes.他们指控他受贿。 知识要点 【链接训练】 She was complaining that the doctor was _______ too much for the treatment he was giving her. A.expending B.offering C.costing D.charging 【解析】句意为:她一直报怨医生收费过高。charge“要价,收费”,符合题意。A项“花费(时间、精力、金钱等)”;B项“出价、开价(买)”;C项“使花费(主语为物)”。 【答案】D 知识要点 4. attach vt. 附上,系,贴;连接,参加;使附属,使隶属;把……归于vi. 附着,附属;相连,相伴;系,贴 归纳拓展 (1)attach sth.to sth.将某物系在、缚在或附在……上,将某事物与另一事物相联系;将某事物固定在另一事物上 attach oneself to sb./sth.依附某人/参加某事 (2)attached adj.(作表语)依恋的;附属于 be attached to sb./sth.留恋,爱慕某人/某事物;隶属于 (3)attachment n.附件,附属物 知识要点 例句:I attached myself to a group of tourists entering the museum. 我随着一队游客混入了博物馆。 You must attach a label to each piece of luggage. 每件行李上你都必须加上标签。 He is deeply attached to the old camera. 他非常爱惜那个旧相机。 Do you attach any importance to what he said? 你认为他说的话重要吗? 知识要点 【链接训练】 ①I will _______ a document to the letter.Please sign it and mail it back to me as soon as possible. A.send B.attach C.fix D.follow 【解析】考查固定短语attach...to...“将……固定到……上”。句意为:我将一份文件附在信上。请签字后速寄回给我。 【答案】B 知识要点 ②We’ve grown very _______ to this house and would hate to move. A.attached B.responsible C.resistant D.contrary 【解析】句意为:我们十分留恋这所房子,真舍不得搬家。be attached to sb./sth.“依恋、留恋、酷爱某物(人)”;be responsible to sb.“为自己的行为对(主管或上级)承担责任”;resistant to“抵抗,对抗”;contrary to“与……相反”。根据句意可知答案为A。 【答案】A 知识要点 5. shape vt. 做成某物的形状;定形;(使)成形;对……有重大影响;进展;使(衣服)合身n. 形状;外形;样子;身段 归纳拓展 (1)in shape在形状上;身体状况良好 be in bad shape情况处于混乱状态;健康情况不佳 in the shape/form of以……的形式;某种形状的 out of shape状况不佳;变形;走样 (2)shape...into...做成(某事);塑造成(某形状) shape...from...用……材料使……成型 知识要点 例句:The pool was in the shape of a heart.游泳池呈心形。 Considering how old the car is,it is not in bad shape.这么老的汽车,车况就算不错了。 Mary’s sweater has stretched completely out of shape.玛丽的毛衣撑得完全走样了。 The children are shaping the sand into a tower. 孩子们把沙子堆成塔形。 知识要点 【链接训练】 He keeps far too many things in his pockets, so his suit looks badly out of ________.
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