高考英语一轮复习精品课件《Module 4 Fine Arts—Western Chinese and Pop Arts》（外研版必修2）_高考复习指南

高考英语一轮复习精品课件《Module 4 Fine Arts—Western Chinese and Pop Arts》（外研版必修2）

　　语法动词-ing和不定式 (1)v. -ing形式作宾语 ①通常只接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词有finish,enjoy,mind,miss,keep,avoid,imagine,practise, excuse,suggest,risk,appreciate,consider (考虑),admit等。例句：You should avoid mentioning his divorce. 你应该避免提及他离婚的事。 We are considering buying a new house. 我们在考虑买所新房子。知识要点 ②有些动词短语的后面要接动词-ing形式作宾语。常见的有look forward to,be used to,put off,believe in,dream of,think of,object to,be tired of,give up,insist on等。例句：He keeps putting off going to the dentist. 他把看牙医的事一拖再拖。 I’m looking forward to hearing from you. 我盼着收到你的来信。知识要点 (2)不定式作宾语 ①可以带不定式作宾语的动词有afford,agree,aim,arrange,decide,expect,fail,hope,learn,manage, offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,try,want等。例句：We can’t afford to stay at a five-star hotel. 我们住不起五星级酒店。 He agreed to let me go early. 他同意让我早走。知识要点 ②常接“疑问词+不定式”作宾语的动词（短语）有teach,remember,forget,decide,explain, wonder,show,learn,understand,see,hear,ask,find out,advise,discuss等。例句：Have you decided what to do next? 你决定下一步干什么了吗？ I’ll ask him how to operate the machine. 我要问他怎样使用这台机器。 ③有时whether可以接不定式。例句：I didn’t know whether to laugh or cry about it. 我对此啼笑皆非。知识要点 ④feel,find,judge,make,think,believe,consider等动词后如果是不定式作宾语，补语是形容词（间或是名词），常用it作形式宾语，把不定式后移。例句：I find it difficult to work with him. 我发现同他一起工作很难。 He thought it a great pity not to have invited her. 没有邀请她，他觉得是一个很大的遗憾。知识要点 (3)下列动词或词组接动词不定式to do或动词-ing形式作宾语，表达的意思不同 ①go on to do sth.接下来去做另一件事 go on doing sth.继续做同一件事例句：After we finished the text,we went on to do the exercises.学完课文后，我们接着做练习。 He said nothing but just went on working. 他什么都不说只是继续干活。 ②try to do sth.尽力做某事 try doing sth.试着做某事例句：I’ll try to improve my spoken English. 我要设法提高我的英语口语。 Try knocking at the back door if nobody answers you at the front door. 如果敲前门没人应，试着敲后门。知识要点 ③mean to do sth.打算，意欲做（某事） mean doing sth.意味着做某事例句：She means to succeed.她一意求成。 Missing the train means waiting for another hour.误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时。 ④remember/forget to do sth.记住/忘了去做（某事） remember/forget doing sth.记得/忘记做过（某事）例句：Remember to turn off the lights before you leave the lab.离开实验室前，记住去关上灯。 I remember mailing the letter. 我记得我寄了那封信。知识要点 (4)在下列情况下，宜用动词不定式，而不用动词-ing形式： ①would (should) like/love/prefer等后要用不定式。例句：I would like to go with you. 我愿意和你一起去。 ②begin,start,continue等本身用的是进行时态时，或其主语是物而非人时，须用不定式。例句：She was starting to do her homework. 她正开始做作业。 It began to rain.天开始下雨了。知识要点 (5)need,want,require等动词作“需要”讲时，并且句子主语与这类谓语动词之后的动词有被动关系时，其后如果跟动词-ing形式要用主动形式表达被动意思；如果跟动词不定式要用被动形式。 The windows need cleaning. →The windows need to be cleaned.窗子需要擦了。 The flower requires watering. →The flower requires to be watered.花需要浇水了。知识要点 (6)动词-ing形式作主语 ①动词的-ing形式作主语，这时动词-ing形式具有名词的特征。例句：Drinking a lot of water is good for you. 多喝水对你有好处。 Spending time with good friends is really good fun. 和好朋友在一起的确很快乐。 ②动词-ing形式作主语，有时也可以用于“It is...+动词-ing”结构，it作形式主语，动词-ing形式作真正的主语放在句末。例句：It’s no use/good sitting here without doing anything. 在这儿干坐着是没有用的。 It’s dangerous swimming in the sea in stormy weather.暴雨天在海里游泳很危险。知识要点 ③There is no doing...结构例句：There is no saying (telling/knowing) what will happen to man in the future. 很难说人类将来会发生什么。 ④动词不定式和动名词作主语时的区别动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性的行为；不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。例句：Swimming is good for health,but to swim in such a polluted river is harmful to health. 游泳有益健康，但在这条污染的如此严重的河里游泳则有害健康。知识要点【链接训练】 ①—Do you have the experience like that？ —Well,I’ve done the work before,so I know what ________ in my new job here. A.expected B.expecting C.to expect D.to be expecting 【解析】句意为：——你有像那样的经验吗？——哦，以前我做过这份工作，所以我知道在这儿我的新工作要做些什么。“疑问词+不定式”结构在句中作宾语，并且用不定式的主动形式表示被动，选C。【答案】C 知识要点 ②—You should have studied in the classroom last night. —I regret ________ at that time. A.to surf the Internet B.surfing the Internet C.to have surfed the Internet D.surfed the Internet 【解析】regret doing sth.意为“对已发生之事表示后悔”。“昨晚上网”的事情已经发生，故用动名词。regret后跟不定式，常与tell,say等连用，表示“对将要做的事情感到抱歉”。【答案】B 知识要点 ③—What made the student so upset? —_______to go to the movie. A.Having not been allowed B.Not having allowed C.Because of not having allowed