B．the lessons they have learnt during their lifetime

　　       C．their experience in particular environments

　　       D．the knowledge passed on by their parents

　　B

　　“Tear ’em apart!” “Kill the fool!” “ Murder the referee ( 裁判)！” These are common remarks one may hear at various sporting events. At the time they are made， they may seem innocent enough. But let’s not kid ourselves. They have been known to influence behavior in such a way as to lead to real bloodshed. Volumes have been written about the way words affect us .It has been shown that words having certain connotations (含义) may cause us to react in ways quite foreign to what we consider to be our usual humanistic behavior . I see the term “opponent” as one of those words . Perhaps the time has come to delete it from sports terms.

　　The dictionary meaning of the term “opponent” is “adversary”: “enemy”; “one who opposes your interests”. Thus， when a player meets an opponent， he or she may tend to treat that opponent as an enemy. At such times， winning may dominate one’s intellect， and every action， no matter how gross， may be considered justifiable. I recall an incident in a handball game when a referee refused a player’s request for a time out for a glove change because he did not considered them wet enough. The player proceeded to rub his gloves across his wet Tshirt and then exclaimed, “Are they wet enough now?”

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