In the late 1800s and early 1900s, there were mainly two types of families in the United States: the extended and the nuclear. The extended family usually includes grandparents, parents, and children living under the same roof. The nuclear family consists of only parents and children.

　　Today there are many different kinds of families. Some people live in 搕raditional?families, that is, a stay-homfae mother, a working father, and their own biological children. Others live in two-paycheck families, single-parent families, adoptive or foster families, blended families (where men and women who were married before marry again and combine the children from previous marriages into the new families），childless families, and so on.

　　What caused the structure of the family to change? In the early 1900s the birthrate began to fall and the divorce rate began to rise. Women were suddenly choosing to go to college and take jobs outside the home. In the 1930s and 1940s, many families faced serious financial, or money problems during the Great Depression, when many people lost their jobs. During World War Ⅱ（1939—1945)，5 million women were left alone to take care of their homes and their children. Because many men were at war, thousands of these 搘ar widows?had to go to work outside their home.

　　During the next ten years, the situation changed. There were fewer divorces, and people married at a younger age and had more chehildren than the previous generation. It was unusual for a mother to work outside the home during the years when her children were growing up. Families began leaving cities and moving into single-family homes in the suburbs. The traditional family seemed to be returning.

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