三、就近一致原则
1. 谓语动词的人称和数常常与最近作主语的词语保持一致。常出现在这类句子中的连词有:or, not…but…; either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also …等。
Either I or they are responsible for the result of the matter.
Neither the unkind words nor the unfriendly attitude has caused me any distress.
2. 在倒装句中谓语可与后面最近的一个主语一致。
In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people.
3. 当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.
4.当一个句子是由 there 或here引起,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常和最靠近它的主语一致。
Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper in the drawer.
5.在定语从句中,关系代词如果在从句中作主语,依先行词决定从句谓语动词的单复数形式;在“one of+复数名词+who/that/which”引导的从句结构中,从句中的动词用复数形式;但是之前有the (only)等修饰语时,则从句中的动词用单数形式。
Mary is the only one of the students in our school who has ever been to China.
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