It suggests a rich cluster of abstract concepts that are invested in a word, gesture or object and stresses a deliberate compression of complex idea into a concrete token that stands for them.

The dove symbolizes peace.

The sign "+" symbolizes addition in arithmetic.

44.帮助

help: The general one. to supply whatever someone needs or do whatever might be useful to him.

assist: To co-operate with sb not taking an important part.

He assisted the doctor in the operation.

aid: (not followed infinitive) To help sb who is weak or is in

trouble who wanted very much by adding your work to his in order to do something.

The Red Cross often aids flood victims.

45.获得,得到

get: The most general one.

obtain: (fml)It stresses the seeking out of something.

gain: to get gradually.

It indicates greater effort in the seeking process, forceful

seizure.

He gained the prize because of his good work.

acquire: To get for oneself by one's own work, skill action piece by piece little by little.

He acquired good knowledge of English by hard work.

attain: To manage to achieve, to succeed in arriving at.

He attained the position of minister.

procure: It implies maneuvering to process something and suggests involved,

contrived or even shady (unjust) dealings.

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