2017届广东省广州市天河中学高考英语语法一轮复习基础知识点精讲：独立主格结构01（含答案）_高考复习指南

2017届广东省广州市天河中学高考英语语法一轮复习基础知识点精讲：独立主格结构01（含答案）

　　“逻辑主语+being+其他”是独立主格结构中的“逻辑主语+动词-ing形式”的一种形式。在这种结构中，being往往可以被省去，这种省去being的结构，称之为无动词“独立主格结构”。

　　A．逻辑主语+名词 Ten students entered for the competition, the youngest a boy of 12. 十个学生报名参加了这次竞赛，年纪最小的是个12岁的男孩。（the youngest和a boy of 12之间省去了being）注意：独立主格结构中的being在下列两种情况下一般不能省略，一是在“There being + 名词”结构中，二是在逻辑主语是代词的情况下。 There being no bus, we had to walk home. 由于没有公共汽车，我们只好走回家。 It being Sunday, all the offices are closed. 因为是星期日，所有办公室都关门。 B．逻辑主语+形容词 He turned to me, his eyes sleepy. 他睡眼惺忪地转向我。（his eyes和sleepy之间省去了being） = He turned to me, and his eyes were sleepy. He stood there, his mouth wide open. 他站在那里，嘴张得大大的。（his mouth和wide open之间省去了being） = He stood there, and his mouth was wide open.

　　 C．逻辑主语+副词 School over, we all went home. 放学了，我们都回家了。（school和over之间省去了being） = School was over, and we all went home. He sat at his desk, his shoes off. 他坐在课桌旁，没穿鞋子。（his shoes和off之间省去了being） = He sat at his desk and his shoes were off. D．逻辑主语+介词短语 He is standing in front of the blackboard, his back towards us. 他站在黑板面前，背对着我们。 = He was standing in front of the blackboard, and his back was towards us. The new teacher came in, a smile on her face. 新老师面带微笑走了进来。 = The new teacher came in and she had a smile on her face. The teacher came into the classroom，a rule in his hand. 老师走进教室，手里拿着一把直尺。 = The teacher came in and a ruler was in his hand. 提示：在“逻辑主语+介词短语”构成的独立主格结构里，如果名词用单数，可以不用冠词，同时介词短语里的限定词也可省略。 The music teacher stood at the door, violin in hand. 音乐老师站在门口,手里拿着一把小提琴。（= The music teacher stood at the door, a violin in his hand.）