A 2010 study from the University of California, San Diego, concluded, “backpack loads are responsible for a significant amount of back pain in children.” The same study says a full third of kids aged 11 to 14 report back pain. Other research from 2011 came to a similar conclusion.

　　Like the frame of a house, the spine（脊椎）is what keeps bodies strong and upright. Putting too much weight on this frame while a young body is still developing could change a child’s posture（姿势）, compress（压缩） the spine, and harm children’s growth, says Rob Danoff, a doctor with Philadelphia’s Aria Health System. “It also might contribute to back problems or injuries when the child’s older,” he says.

　　Experts warn students against wearing a heavy backpack, adding something can be done to solve the problem.

　　1. According to the passage, a heavy backpack can cause the following problems EXCEPT______.

　　A. back pain

　　B. headaches

　　C. bad memory

　　D. slow growth

　　2. Who does Jacobs indicate is mainly to blame for the bigger backpacks?

　　A. The school.

　　B. The bookshop owner.

　　C. The parent.

　　D. The backpack maker.

　　3. What is the author most likely to write about after the last paragraph?

　　A. Some solutions to the heavy backpack problem.

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