“It is the first genus of amphibian, indeed of any four­footed vertebrate (脊椎动物), discovered in the US in nearly 50 years.”

　　Around the world, there are approximately 500 species of salamander.Two­thirds of these species are lungless, breathing entirely through their porous, moist skin.

　　The Appalachian Highlands of the southeastern US is a hot spot for lungless salamander diversity, with species occupying a variety of moist or wet environments including living in streams, underground, among the leaf litter of the forest floor, up cliffs and in trees.

　　“The salamander group of the US, particularly of the southern Appalachians, has been intensively studied for well over a century, so the discovery of such a distinct form was completely unsuspected.” says Carlos.

　　55．What is the purpose of the writer writing this passage?

　　A．To tell us a find of a new species of lungless salamander.

　　B．To tell us how the lungless salamander was found.

　　C．To stress the significance of the new find.

　　D．To tell us the difference between the lungless salamander and amphibians.

　　56．Where does the lungless salamander mostly live?

　　A．Underground.

　　B．Under fallen leaves.

　　C．In damp environments.

　　D．In streams.

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