In the far north, above the Arctic Circle, the First Americans became hunters of the ocean.__53__ In the brief summer, they gathered berries and other plants. In the winter, they stayed in lodges much of the time preparing for the next summer. It was a hard life, but they learned to survive in these harsh conditions.

　　Farther south, in what is now Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico, the First Americans became cliff dwellers(悬崖居民). They began by living in caves that already existed in the cliffs.__54__The dwellings they constructed in many ways resembled today's apartment buildings.

　　__55__They built a system of dams and canals so they could store and use water almost any time of the year. They were so successful that they could raise fruits and vegetables that were not found naturally in the desert.

　　In Mexico and South America, the First Americans founded civilizations that were among the greatest in the world. They built huge pyramids, lived in fabulous cities, and made great advances in science and mathematics long before the Europeans arrived.

　　A．They also discovered foods like corn and potatoes.

　　B．Along the way, they established many different civilizations.

　　C．The First Americans of the Southwest learned to irrigate the desert.

　　D．They would have to survive in the New World they had discovered.

　　E．They built boats of animal skins and hunted or fished for their food.

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