课时作业(十五)　Learning

　　A卷

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空

　　1．He________(suspect)of giving false evidence to the police last week.

　　2．It is generally ________(assumption)that stress is caused by too much work.

　　3．The movie is ________(adaptation)from the novel of the same name.

　　4．I wish I ________(have)a chance to pay a visit to the moon.

　　5．She often shares her deepest thoughts and fears with friends through QQ，as if they ________(be)chatting in her living room.

　　6．We can get pleasure，experience，and ________(instruct)from good books.

　　7．If she ________(be)here this evening，we ________(play)cards.

　　8．His pale face suggested he ________(be)angry and I suggested that he ________(leave)at once.

　　9．If only I ________(have)more confidence in the English speech contest held last week!

　　10．I enjoyed the great________(beneficial)of his instructions concerning the matter.

　　答案：

　　1．was suspected　2.assumed

　　3．adapted　4.would have　5.were　6.instruction

　　7．were/should be/were to be；would play　8.was；(should) leave　9.had had　10.benefit

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．________________(我正要出去)when one of my best friends came to visit me.

　　2．It's time that ________________(我们该改善空气质量)．

　　3．I wish that everything in nature ________________(能和谐共处)．

　　4．________________(如果你早点来)，you would have met him.

　　5．It is our tradition to ________________(燃放)fireworks during the Spring Festival.

　　答案：

　　1．I was about to leave　2.we improved/should improve the air quality　3.could fit in with each other　4.If you had come earlier　5.set off

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　(2015·山西省考前质检)A poor set of curtains may not just mean you wake up too early—they could also make you fat.Sleeping in a room with too much light has been linked to an increased risk of piling_on_the_pounds，a study shows.

　　Greater exposure to light at night raised both body mass index and waist size in more than 113,000 women taking part in the British study.The study followed the women for 40 years to identify root causes of breast cancer.Obesity is a known risk factor for the disease.

　　“The associations we saw in our study between light exposure at night and obesity are very interesting.We cannot yet tell at this stage what the reason for the associations is，but the results open up an interesting direction for research，”said Prof.Anthony Swerdlow，from the Institute of Cancer Research.“One possible explanation is that the light is interrupting the body clock，which stems from our evolutionary past(进化历程)．We were active when it was light in the day and restful when it was dark at night.”

　　Other research has found the effect of night­time lighting on the body may contribute to unhappy feelings.But it's too early to suggest that sleeping in the dark will help prevent obesity，a known risk factor for breast cancer.The findings are reported in the American Journal of Epidemiology.

　　Previous research has drawn similar conclusions.A team at Ohio State University examined how night­time light affects weight，body fat and glucose intolerance(葡萄糖过敏)in mice.They found that continuing exposure to even a little night­time light caused increases in all three aspects.

　　Light changes mood，physical strength and even the way we process food in a 24­hour cycle.Artificial light is known to interrupt the body clock by delaying the production of the sleep hormone melatonin(睡眠荷尔蒙褪黑激素)．So there is no harm in trying to make bedrooms darker.

　　1. What does“piling on the pounds”in the first paragraph mean?

　　A．Putting pounds into a pile.

　　B．Filling in with pounds.

　　C．Making a lot of money.

　　D．Gaining body weight.

　　2．From the passage，we know that ________.

　　A．sleeping in the dark must help prevent obesity

　　B．lighting on the body at night makes people happy

　　C．night­time light may affect human beings and mice

　　D．it is easy for women to become fat and have cancer

　　3．The most possible cause of the interruption of body clock is ________.

　　A．the sleep hormone melatonin

　　B．unhappy feelings

　　C．man­made light at night

　　D．glucose intolerance

　　4.The passage is mainly about ________.

　　A．evolutionary past of man

　　B．obesity and breast cancer

　　C．different research and conclusions

　　D．negative effects of night­time light

　　答案：

　　解题导语：本文主要介绍了夜间光线给人们的身体带来的负面影响。

　　1．D　解析：词义猜测题。根据文章第一段的“they could also make you fat”可知，piling on the pounds与“使你增胖”意思相近，即D项正确。

　　2．C　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的“Previous research has drawn similar conclusions.”及本文的描述可知，老鼠和人类的睡眠可能都受到光线的影响，即C项正确。

　　3．C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One possible explanation is that the light is interrupting the body clock”及最后一段的第二句可知，人体生物钟被打乱的最可能的原因是人造光线，即C项正确。

　　4．D　解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知，本文主要介绍夜间光线带给人身体的一些负面影响，即D项正确。

　　Ⅳ.阅读填空

　　(2016·河北正定中学月考)

　　The benefits of keeping a journal(日志)

　　If you want to grow，one important thing you should do is keeping a journal.It may seem simple，but it can make a big difference in your life.I have been keeping journals for years.Writing all the lessons I learn and all the ideas I get has become a habit for me.__1__ Here are some benefits you will get by keeping a journal.

　　◆It prevents you from losing an idea.Have you ever gotten an idea only to lose it later because you didn't write it down？__2__But then I developed the habit of writing down every idea that came into my mind as soon as possible.If I'm away from my computer，I usually write it down on a piece of paper that I bring wherever I go.I will then transfer the idea to the journal in my computer.

　　◆It helps you review all the lessons you've learned.By reviewing your journal，you can quickly see the lessons you've learned and the ideas you've gotten.__3__You can use the ideas to propel(鞭策)yourself forward.

　　◆ __4__After keeping a journal for years，you can look back at it and see how far you've gone.Things that were big problems in the past might seem small today.The raw ideas you had in the past might have been realized today.

　　◆It helps you expand your ideas.When you try to come up with a sentence to express an idea，you are thinking actively about it.__5__In the end，you will expand your ideas.

　　A．I often experienced that myself.

　　B．It trains you to express your thoughts.

　　C．It allows you to see your progress over time.

　　D．Just use whatever tool you feel comfortable with.

　　E．Thinking actively helps you connect your idea to another idea.

　　F．And to be honest，I can't imagine what my life would be like without it.

　　G．Then you can do whatever necessary to avoid repeating the same mistakes.

　　答案：

　　1—5　FAGCE

　　Ⅴ.短文改错

　　(2016·江西省八所重点中学联考)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　It is reported that thirty cellphones taken away by teachers during the examination and were smashed(粉碎)in front of students and parents at a high school.As to this，we hold a heated discussion.There are two different viewpoints about them.

　　Some think it necessarily.Firstly，with cellphones，students would have focused their attention on studying instead of wasting their precious time reading junk message.Secondly，the examination will be fair if no one cheats by using cellphones.However，the others think it otherwise.For one thing，at the age of information，cellphones have become a necessity.For another，students can use cellphones for study.

　　Personally spoken，even if some students use cellphones for no good reason，we should educate them more than destroy cellphones in such an extreme way.

　　答案：

　　It is reported that thirty cellphones

　　taken away by teachers during the examination and were smashed(粉碎) in front of students and parents at a high school. As to this，we

　　a heated discussion. There are two different viewpoints about .

　　Some think it . Firstly，

　　cellphones，students would have focused their attention on studying instead of wasting their precious time reading junk . Secondly，the examination will be fair if no one cheats by using cellphones. However，the others think it otherwise. For one thing，

　　the age of information，cellphones have become a necessity. For another，students can use cellphones for study.

　　Personally ，even if some students use cellphones for no good reason，we should educate them

　　than destroy cellphones in such an extreme way.

　　B卷

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　(2016·兰州高三实战考试)Where should an adventurous tourist go？After you've done sightseeing in London，shopping in New York，tasted the local food in Paris，and danced to your heart's content at the Brazilian Carnival，where else can you go？What exotic(异国风情的)tourist destination awaits you?

　　Well，Antarctica sounds like the holiday of a lifetime！It's considered the last great wilderness on Earth.Just a few scientists in research stations share the icy landscape with penguins and other animals which can cope with the low temperatures.

　　Tourism began in Antarctica in the 1950s and it's still a small scale.About 37,000 tourists are expected there this season，but many won't even leave the boat.

　　The BBC's Juliet Rix visited the frozen continent and asked herself if she should be there at all，causing potential problems to such a sensitive environment.Her tour guide admitted that all visitors leave footprints and they all go to the same place，the accessible coastline，which is also where the penguins and seals go to breed.

　　But some people believe that if carefully controlled，tourism can be good for Antarctica.It has no native population and it needs advocates.Visitors to the icy continent might be ready to support and even to fund its preservation.And they're likely to engage in the discussion about global warming，which has led to the melting of glaciers.

　　According to Rix，guidelines are followed when you're about to set foot in Antarctica and tourists have to disinfect(为……消毒)their boots to make sure no alien species are introduced.

　　And once on land，there's no eating or smoking.Rocks，bone fragments—nothing should be taken as a souvenir and nothing should be left behind.Tourists fortunate enough to visit Antarctica must be aware that this is not their home and keep their fingers crossed that future generations will also be able to enjoy such breathtaking views.

　　1．According to the second paragraph，we can learn that ________.

　　A．Antarctica has become the best place for people to travel

　　B．only scientists can be allowed to go to Antarctica

　　C．Antarctica is less affected by human activities

　　D．no animals can survive in Antarctica except penguins

　　2．Juliet Rix's travel in Antarctica mentioned in the fourth paragraph indicates that ________.

　　A．governments should take measures to stop tourists from going to Antarctica

　　B．whether tourists should go to Antarctica or not should be considered carefully

　　C．the animals' habitat in Antarctica has been seriously affected by tourism

　　D．only journalists begin to pay attention to the environmental protection in Antarctica

　　3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Rix?

　　A．Tourists can eat and smoke in Antarctica.

　　B．Tourists can take something they like from Antarctica.

　　C．Tourists can throw away something they don't need in Antarctica.

　　D．Tourists can enjoy the beautiful scenery in Antarctica.

　　4．Which of the following is the best title of this passage?

　　A．Why can't tourists go to Antarctica?

　　B．How can tourists go to Antarctica?

　　C．Should tourists go to Antarctica?

　　D．Are tourists allowed to go to Antarctica?

　　答案：

　　解题导语：游客应该去南极洲旅游吗？本文介绍了去南极洲旅游的情况和对游客的要求。

　　1．C　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的第二句话“It's considered the last great wilderness on Earth.”可知，它被认为是地球上最后的不毛之地。由此可推知，南极洲受人类活动的影响较小。

　　2．B　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“asked herself if she should be there at all，causing potential problems to such a sensitive environment”以及“Her tour guide admitted that all visitors leave footprints and they all go to the same place”可推知，人们是否应该去南极洲旅游应认真地考虑一下。

　　3．D　解析：判断正误题。根据最后一段的“there's no eating or smoking.Rocks，bone fragments—nothing should be taken as a souvenir and nothing should be left behind”可知，A、B、C三项的说法均与原文不符；根据文章结尾处“to enjoy such breathtaking views”可知，游客可以在南极洲欣赏到惊人的景色。

　　4．C　解析：标题判断题。通读全文的内容可知，文章围绕的是“应该不应该去南极洲旅游？”这一话题，因此C项最适合作标题。

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　(2015·江西南昌市高三调研)I felt very depressed the other day.The weather had been dark and rainy，and I just didn't feel so __1__.

　　As I was sitting at my desk，I__2__it was the birthday of a dear long­time friend—a single，middle­aged woman who has devoted the past 30 years to nursing and loving her __3__.

　　Knowing that she didn't have family in town，I __4__ to give her a call.Sure enough，she was on her shift，__5__ to work late into the evening，and wouldn't have __6__ of a birthday this year.As always，though，she __7__ cheerful and was happy that I __8__.

　　After I hung up，I couldn't __9__ the feeling that she would really appreciate a little attention on her special day.__10__feeling a little depressed myself，I tried to put it out of my mind，but as the day passed，I couldn't shake the thought.I __11__gave in，and set off to the hospital with a card，a cheese cake，and some balloons that evening.My friend's grateful smile and joyful surprise __12__me that I'd done the right thing，and they were a generous__13__ for the little effort it had taken.

　　When I got home，I realized that not only had I cheered up a __14__ friend on her birthday，but my own negative feelings　had also disappeared.Making her day had__15__my own！Isn't that the way it is __16__we take the time and make the __17__ to do something for someone else? It's just like the saying，“Loving kindness is twice blessed；it blesses him who gives，and him who __18__.”

　　Cheering up people on their birthdays isn't the only thing we can do to make their day.Life constantly presents us with __19__to take an extra step or do a kind deed that will make a difference to __20__.And the wonderful thing is that as we do，it changes things for the better for us too.

　　1.A.special　

　　B．positive　

　　C．nervous

　　D．scared

　　2. A．explained　

　　B．complained　

　　C．remembered

　　D．informed

　　3．A.family　

　　B．training

　　C．work

　　D．school

　　4. A．decided

　　B．continued　C．agreed　

　　D．refused

　　5．A.surprised

　　B．disappointed　

　　C．bored

　　D．prepared

　　6．A.much

　　B．many　C．little　

　　D．few

　　7．A.sounded　

　　B．looked　C．grew　

　　D．found

　　8．A.admitted　

　　B．called

　　C．succeeded　

　　D．apologized

　　9. A．experience

　　B．imagine　

　　C．shake　

　　D．understand

　　10. A．Almost

　　B．EvenC．Never

　　D．Still

　　11．A.luckily　

　　B．finally

　　C．unhappily　

　　D．hardly

　　12．A.convinced　

　　B．advised　C．promised　

　　D．reminded

　　13．A.response　

　　B．contribution　

　　C．reward　

　　D．share

　　14．A.careless

　　B．lonely　

　　C．weak

　　D．curious

　　15．A.troubled

　　B．taken　

　　C．wasted

　　D．made

　　16．A.when　

　　B．where　

　　C．why　

　　D．how

　　17．A.suggestion　

　　B．money　C．effort　

　　D．call

　　18. A．tries

　　B．receives　

　　C．expects　

　　D．cares

　　19．A.opportunities　

　　B．dreams　C．choices　

　　D．regrets

　　20．A.someone　

　　B．something　C．everyone

　　D．everything

　　答案：

　　解题导语： 作者讲述了在自己心情不好的一天给一个从事护士职业的朋友过生日而得到的感悟：生活总是为我们提供机会，让我们多迈出一步或者做一件对别人有影响的善事。

　　1. B　解析：根据空格前的“I felt very depressed the other day.The weather had been dark and rainy”可知“我”的心情不好，positive意为“乐观的”，符合语境。

　　2．C　解析： 当“我”坐在书桌前的时候，记起了一个朋友的生日。故选C项。

　　3．C　解析：根据空格前的“who has devoted the past 30 years to nursing”可知，她从事护士职业30年，说明她很喜欢自己的工作(work)。故选C项。

　　4．A　解析：根据语境可知，此处用 decided 表示 “我决定给她打个电话”。故选A项。

　　5．D　解析：根据前面的“Sure enough，she was on her shift ”可知，这是她的当班时间，她准备工作到晚上，故选D项。

　　6．A　解析：此处表示“不会有太多的时间过生日”。many 和few用来修饰或替代可数名词，故排除；little本身含有否定的意思，在此处可排除。故选much。

　　7．A　解析：“我”打电话给她，她听上去很高兴。故选A项。

　　8．B　解析：参见上题解析。选B项。

　　9．C　解析：此处表示“我没法去除这种感觉”，应用shake，表示“去除，摆脱”。故选C项。

　　10．D　解析：此处用“Still”表明作者仍然感到沮丧，与文章开头相呼应。故选D项。

　　11．B　解析：“我”的心情沮丧，“我”尽力去清理掉这种心情，但是经过一天的时间，还是没能摆脱，最终“我”屈服了。finally“最后，终于”，故选B项。

　　12．A　解析：根据空格前面的“My friend's grateful smile and joyful surprise”和空格后面的“I'd done the right thing”可知，朋友的神情让“我”确信自己做对了。convince意为“使确信”，符合语境。故选A项。

　　13．C　解析：她的笑容和惊喜使“我”确信“我”做对了，这也是对“我”慷慨的回报(reward)。故选C项。

　　14．B　解析：由前文的“a single，middle­aged woman”和“she didn't have family in town”可知，作者的朋友是孤独的。故选B项。

　　15．D　解析：让这位孤独的朋友快乐的同时，又扫除了作者的沮丧，所以说“Making her day had made my own”。故选D项。

　　16．A　解析：从句子的结构和语境看，此处应该用引导时间状语从句的连词，表示“当我们花费时间为别人努力做一些事情的时候”。故选A项。

　　17．C　解析：参见上题解析。make the effort to do sth.“努力做某事”。

　　18．B　解析：根据空格前的“gives”可知，应用receives与gives相对应。故选B项。

　　19．A　解析：生活总是为我们提供机会。opportunity意为“机会”，符合语境。故选A项。

　　20．A　解析：生活总是为我们提供机会，让我们多迈出一步或者做一件对某人产生影响的善事。故选A项。

　　Ⅲ.语法填空

　　阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

　　Having a goal based on love is the greatest life insurance in the world.If you had asked my dad 1.______ he had always smiled，you would have found his answer 2.________(especial)simple：“To make my wife happy.”

　　Mom and Dad met when they 3.________(be)nine.Every day before school，they met on a park bench with their homework.Mom corrected Dad's English and he did the same with her math.Upon 4.________(graduate)，their teachers said that the two of them were the best“students”in the school.They took their time building their relationship，even though Dad always knew she was the girl for him.Their first kiss occurred 5.________they were 17，and their romance continued to grow into their 80s.

　　Just how much power their relationship created was brought to light in 1964.Dad was 6.________(tell)by the doctor that he had cancer and estimated that he had six months to one year 7.________(leave)at the most.“I'm sorry to disagree with you，Doctor，”my father said.“8.________I'll tell you how long I have.One day 9.________(long)than my wife.I love her too much to leave the planet without her.”

　　And so it was，to the 10.________(amaze)of everyone who didn't really know this love­matched pair，that Mom passed away at the age of 85 and Dad followed one year later when he was 86.

　　答案：

　　1．why　解析：考查连词。根据后面的回答“To make my wife happy.”可知，询问者询问的是“他为什么总是微笑着”。

　　2．especially　解析：考查词性转换。空格处所填单词应该修饰后面的形容词simple，故用especial的副词形式。

　　3．were　解析：考查时态和主谓一致。故事发生在过去，主语为名词复数，故用were。

　　4．graduation　解析：考查词性转换。Upon为介词，后面应该用名词形式。

　　5．when　解析：考查连词。“they were 17”是时间状语从句，故用when引导。

　　6．told　解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。Dad是第三人称单数，是被告知的，时间为过去时。

　　7．left　解析：考查非谓语动词。have some time left表示“还有多长时间”。

　　8．But　解析：考查连词。I'm sorry...，but...是固定口语搭配。

　　9．longer　解析：考查词性转换。根据空格后面的than可知应该用比较级。

　　10．amazement　解析：考查固定结构。to the amazement of相当于to one's amazement意为“使某人吃惊的是”。

　　Ⅳ.短文改错

　　(2015·河北省邢台市摸底考试)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

　　增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

　　删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。

　　修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

　　注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

　　2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

　　Last Saturday，Mum gave me two tickets for a film.Although she was too busy to go with me，she told me to sell the extra ticket if possibly.At the gate of the cinema，I met a handsome young man，who was offered to have them.But he had only an 100­yuan note.He asked me to wait a while for him change it in the cinema's store.Without much thinking，I agreed.He walked so fast that I could hardly keep up for him.Soon he disappeared，I stood there without knowing how to do.Sudden I realized the handsome young fellow has cheated me.He had saved money but lost his honor.

　　答案：

　　Last Saturday，Mum gave me two tickets for a film.

　　she was too busy to go with me，she told me to sell the extra ticket if .At the gate of the cinema，I met a handsome young man，who was offered to have .But he had only

　　100­yuan note.He asked me to wait a while for him change it in the cinema's store.Without much thinking，I agreed.He walked so fast that I could hardly keep up

　　him.Soon he disappeared，I stood there without knowing

　　to do.

　　I realized the handsome young fellow

　　cheated me.He had saved money but lost his honor.

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