In the 1980s, as many as 1 million elephants across Africa were killed for their ivory.The ivory was used to make jewelry and other items.This continued until 1989, when the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) voted to ban all the trade in ivory.As a result, demand for ivory fell.Governments cracked down on poachers.Elephant populations slowly began to increase.However, this progress was short­lived.

　　According to the IUCN, 2011 saw the highest levels of poaching and illegal ivory trading in at least 16 years.Around 25,000 elephants were killed in Africa that year.Data from the IUCN shows even higher levels of illegal trade may have been reached in 2017.“With an estimated 22,000 elephants illegally killed in 2017, we continue to face a critical situation，” said John E．Scanlon, CITES Secretary­General.“Current elephant poaching in Africa remains far too high, and could soon lead to local extinction if the present killing rate continues.”

　　At the African Elephant Summit, key African states where elephants make their home agreed to develop a “zero­tolerance approach” to poaching.The deal calls for maximum sentences for poachers and hunters, and increased cooperation between affected states.Officials are committed to classifying wildlife trafficking (交易) as a serious crime — and to making sure that the people who commit it are punished.All participants at the conference agreed to sign the deal.With these states working together, there may yet be hope for elephants.

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