4 Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.

　　Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.

　　5

　　Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.

　　A. That kept cities very small.

　　B. The rest live in small towns.

　　C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered.

　　D. Soon many other industrial nations become urban societies.

　　E. But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.

　　F. Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.

　　G. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.

　　【答案】

　　1.E

　　2.D

　　3.B

　　4.A

　　5．F

　　【解析】

　　试题分析：文章的主题是城市化，讲述了城市化由过去城市规模小，农民人口多，到后来现代化之后，城市规模大，农民人口少的现象，体现了产量的增加，社会的变迁。

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