3.D　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句 “‘We do not yet know the exact mechanisms involved,or why some organisms are getting smaller while others are unaffected,’ the researchers said.”可知,研究者们尚不了解物种变小的具体原因。

　　4.B　观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“So,it is likely that more negative influences of climate change will be shown in the future.”可知作者对气候变暖带来的负面影响持担忧的态度。

　　二、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

　　A man looking at his smartphone while walking across a railway crossing in Nanjing 1.(have) a close knock on October 22.He was so 2.(absorb) in his smartphone that he didn’t see a train approaching until it brushed past him,3.(throw) him to the ground.This should serve 4. a warning that people should be aware of their surroundings,especially 5. crossing roads. 

　　6.(lucky),the man survived,but the incident forced the driver 7.(stop) the train.An 18-minute delay followed the incident,8. led to a break in the running of other trains on the route. 

　　Smartphone 9.(addict) has spread like an infectious disease.It’s evident that it will do great harm to society.What’s even 10.(bad),some addicts become impatient with relatives and friends. 

　　Some people blame the smartphone for the tragedy,yet in fact people’s weakening self-control and self-discipline are to blame.

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