(2017·北京)

　　主题：城市化进程　词数：274

　　Urbanization

　　vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city.The first city was probably founded no more than 5，500 years ago.__1__In fact，nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural(乡村的)villages.It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history—a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.

　　__2__The process of urbanization—the migration(迁徙)of people from the countryside to the city—was the result of modernization

　　In 1990，fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas.Today，over 82% of Americans live in cities.Only about 2% live on farms.__3__

　　Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized.Even in advanced agricultural societies，it took about ninety­five people on farms to feed five people in cities.__4__ Until modern times，those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英)and the servantsrom farm to city.

　　Over the past two centuries，the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.__5__ Today，instead of needing ninety­five farmers to feed five city people，one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non­farmers.

　　A．That kept cities very small.

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