The problem is even worse in developing countries where price remains a major barrier and 6 million children die each year from treatable conditions.

　　In the case of HIV/AIDS, the few existing pediatric therapies（儿科的疗法）developed for children generally cost three times more than adult ones.

　　As a result, clinicians lack clear guidelines on the best drug to use and often have to guess at the correct dose.

　　Fortunately, the WHO has drawn up the first international List of Essential Medicines for Children, containing 206 products considered safe for children.

　　“But a lot remains to be done. There are priority medicines that have not been adapted for children’s use or are not available when needed,” said Dr Hans, the U.N. agency’s director of medicines policy and standards.

　　Medicines that need to be adapted to children’s needs include many antibiotics, pain drugs as well as combination pills for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.

　　The agency is building an Internet entrance linking to clinical trials carried out in children and will launch a Web site with the information early next year.

　　Testing medicines on children has always been a controversial issue, since good ethical（伦理的）practice requires informed agreement from people participating in clinical trials, which is difficult to obtain in the case of children.

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