So far，so good. This is not rocket science. Defensive pessimists prepare carefully and consider what might go wrong, whether at work, on date or even in a sports game. It makes sense to have a back-up plan. There are many sayings in English urging caution. For example, “Don't put all your eggs in one basket.”

　　And “Don't count your chickens until they hatch.” To have a confident and optimistic approach to life's problems is good. But listen to what Woody Alien, the American comedian says ,”Confidence is what you have before you understand the problem.”

　　There are pros and cons to being an optimist and a pessimist. Don't feel bad if you see the glass half empty. You are a realist But lighten up and hook up with someone who sees the same glass half full.

　　What's the passage mainly about?

　　A book that has recently been published.

　　How to become successful in life

　　The dangers of being too optimistic.

　　The benefits of defensive pessimism.

　　The underlined sentence “ This is not rocket science”(Para.4)means

　　.

　　it's not a dangerous thing to do

　　it is quite simple to understand

　　the cost is not so high

　　there is no real proof

　　which of the following English expressions would a defensive pessimist believe?

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