2016届高考英语二轮复习专用素材：Module 6 The Internet and Telecommunications（外研版必修1）_高考复习指南

2016届高考英语二轮复习专用素材：Module 6 The Internet and Telecommunications（外研版必修1）

　　Module 6 The Internet and Telecommunications

　　话题词汇

　　1.download vt.下载

　　2.exchange vt.交换

　　3.content n.内容

　　4.skill n.技巧

　　5.common adj.普通的；常见的

　　6.information n.信息

　　7.development n.发展

　　8.leave a message留言

　　9.on the Internet在网上

　　10.surf the Internet上网

　　经典语篇(2015·陕西渭南杜桥中学高三月考)

　　假如你是李华，你的笔友Jim最近沉溺于玩电脑游戏，为此你很担心。请根据下表提示给Jim写一封信，谈谈你的看法及建议。

　　Jim过去功课好，积极参加学校的各项活动。

　　Jim现在对学习没有兴趣，上课不专心，不按时交作业。

　　你的看法也许玩电脑游戏能使你放松，但沉溺于其中会占用学习时间……

　　你的建议

　　(至少发挥两点)

　　注意：1.词数100左右；

　　2.文章开头已为你写好，不计入总词数；

　　3.要点完整、层次清楚、语法正确、上下文连贯。

　　Dear Jim，

　　I really feel worried about you.

　　佳作欣赏

　　Dear Jim，

　　I really feel worried about you.You used to do well in your lessons and took an active part in the activities at school，but now you take no interest in your schoolwork and don’t listen to teachers as carefully as before in class.Also，you are so crazy about computer games that you can’t hand in your homework on time.① Perhaps playing computer games can make you feel relaxed，but if you spend too much time on it，you will have less time to study.②And it may do harm to your health.For example，it can hurt your eyes and neck.

　　I hope you should achieve a balance between your schoolwork and your hobbies.Why not join in some outdoor activities when you feel bored？③ As your friend，I’ll be glad to share your happiness and sadness.④

　　Yours，

　　Li Hua

　　思维发散

　　1.用too...to...结构改写第①句

　　Also，you are too crazy about computer games to hand in your homework on time.

　　2.用主语从句改写第②句

　　Perhaps that you play computer games can make you feel relaxed，but if you spend too much time on it，you will have less time to study.

　　3.将第③句改为特殊疑问句

　　Why don’t you join in some outdoor activities when you feel bored?

　　4.仿照第④句完成句子

　　很高兴收到你的电子邮件，也很高兴你对学习汉语感兴趣。

　　I’m glad to receive your email and happy to know that you are interested in learning Chinese.

　　Ⅰ.重点单词

　　A.写作单词

　　1.contain (vt.)包含；包括

　　2.source (n.)来源；出处

　　3.data (n.)(复)数据

　　4.defence (n)保护；防卫

　　5.create (vt.)创造；发明

　　6.design (vt.& n.)设计

　　7.invention (n.)发明

　　8.permission (n.)许可

　　9.concentrate (vi.)集中(注意力、思想等)

　　10.pass (vt.)超过

　　11.average (adj.)平均的；(n.)平均；平均数

　　12.shorten (vt.)缩短

　　13.breakdown (n.)故障

　　14.independent (adj.)独立的

　　15.disadvantage (n.)弊端；缺点

　　16.access (n.)接近；通路；机会

　　accessible (adj.)可进入的；可使用的

　　B.阅读单词

　　17.crash (vi.)(计算机)崩溃

　　18.keyword (n.)密码；口令

　　19.log (vt.)记录；登录

　　20.software (n.)软件

　　21.network (n.)网络

　　22.percentage (n.)百分数；百分率

　　23.document (n.)文件

　　24.via (prep.)途径；经由

　　25.military (adj.)军事的；军队的

　　26.definite (adj.)明确的

　　27.fantastic (adj.)极好的；美妙的

　　28.essay (n.)文章

　　29.frequently (adv.)时常；经常

　　30.statistics (n.)(复)统计数字

　　31.sideways (adv.)横着地；斜着地

　　Ⅱ.重点短语

　　1.become known as...作为……而出名；被称为……；叫作……

　　2.go down下降

　　3.come up with提出

　　4.from that moment on从那时起

　　5.concentrate on聚精会神；集中思想

　　6.compared with与……相比

　　7.consist of由……组成

　　8.as well也

　　9.wrap sth.up把某物包起来

　　10.with the help of在……的帮助下

　　Ⅲ.经典句式

　　1.It then became possible for universities to use the system as well.

　　后来，大学里也能使用这种系统。

　　2.BernersLee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet...

　　贝尔纳斯·李使得每个人都使用因特网成为可能……

　　3.It would be much better if we spent the time working on a computer.

　　如果我们用些时间在电脑上工作，那效果将会更好。

　　4.Two percent of the total population of China have access to the Internet，compared with 45 percent in the USA and 15 percent in Japan.

　　2%的中国人口使用因特网，相比之下，在美国和日本，这个比例分别是45%和15%。

　　Ⅳ.课文语法填空

　　In 1969，a network of computers called DARPANET 1.was created(create) through the telephone.Only the US army could use this system 2.until in 1984 the NSFNET network came into 3.being(be).NSFNET，4.later(late) known as “Internet”，made 5.it possible for universities to use the system as well.And thanks 6.to an English scientist，Tim BernersLee，it 7.finally(final) became possible for everyone to use the Internet.In 1989，while working in Switzerland，BernersLee came up 8.with the idea of the World Wide Web,9.which he invented two years later.He also designed the first “web browser”，a tool for computer users to access documents from other computers.From that moment 10.on，the web and the Internet grew.Now everyone in the world can access the Internet.

　　1 access n.接近的方法means；通路path；road；使用或见到的机会；权利常与to连用opportunity，or right to use；可接近性

　　[应试指导]　后跟介词的用法

　　1have/get/obtain/gain access to拥有……的机会；可以接近；进入

　　give access to准许进入接近

　　2accessible adj.可到达的；易懂的；随和的

　　be accessible to可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的

　　(1)Women had no access to education in old days.

　　在过去，妇女没有受教育的权利。

　　(2)The true function of a university should be to give access to knowledge for its own sake.

　　一所大学的真正功能应该是为了自身的发展去提供获得知识的通道。

　　(3)A manager should be accessible to his staff.

　　一个管理人员应该让职员感到平易近人。

　　[特别提醒]

　　(1)access的本意是进入某一地点的“通道，入口”，侧重进入的手段与途径，其含义是抽象的，一般用作不可数名词。其引申义可指“接近或取得……的方法、手段、权力等”，常与介词to连用。此外，access在计算机术语中可作“访问，进网”讲。

　　(2)在access to中，介词to后可接名词或代词，一般不接doing。

　　多维训练

　　(1)一句多译

　　药品不应放在孩子们拿得到的地方。

　　①Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.(accessible)

　　②Medicine should be kept where it is out of children’s range.(range)

　　③Medicine should be kept where it is out of children’s reach.(reach)

　　(2)单句改错

　　The access to entering the village is riding a bike.去掉entering

　　2 design n.设计；布局；安排arrangement；打算plan；意图intention；构思；v.设计；构思；计划；制订make，plan or intend

　　[应试指导]　(1)过去分词作定语的考查；(2)活动类写作高频词汇

　　1by design＝on purpose故意

　　2be designed for...为……设计

　　be designed to do.../as...为某目的或用途而制造或设计

　　(1)Do you think the building was burnt down by accident or by design?

　　你认为大楼被烧是意外事故，还是有意为之？

　　(2)The method is specifically designed for use in small groups.

　　这方法是专为小组活动设计的。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①He became a photographer more by accident than by design.

　　②This building is designed for weddings and other celebrations and it’s beautiful.

　　③The new device is designed as an alternative for the old one.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　①用过去分词短语作定语改写上题句②

　　This building designed for weddings and other celebrations is beautiful.

　　②将划线部分改为独立主格结构

　　Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the winter time to brown in the summer and each is designed to give them better cover from predators.

　　Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the winter time to brown in the summer，each designed to give them better cover from predators.

　　[应试指导]　permit独立主格的用法

　　(1)ask for permission请求许可

　　with/without one’s permission获取某人同意/未经某人许可

　　(2)permit v.允许；许可；准许；n.通行证；许可证；执照

　　允许某人做某事

　　permit doing sth.允许做某事

　　permit of 容许(常用于否定句)

　　(1)With your permission，I will carry out the project as soon as possible.

　　如果你答应的话，我将尽快展开这项计划。

　　(2)The rules of the club do not permit smoking.

　　俱乐部规则规定不允许吸烟。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①I was permitted to talk(talk) to the prisoner.

　　②The guards permitted me to bring(bring) my camera and tape recorder.

　　③The facts permit of no other explanation.

　　④He asked for permission(permit) to leave the room.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　If time permits，I will visit the Great Wall.(用独立主格结构改写)

　　Time permitting，I will visit the Great Wall.

　　[多词一义]　concentrate on，fix on，focus on，be absorbed in，be devoted to

　　1concentrate one’s mind/attention/thoughts/efforts on集中注意力/精力于；专注于

　　2下列短语均表示“专心，集中于”：,focus/fix one’s attention on；put one’s mind to；put one’s heart into；be absorbed in；be lost in；apply oneself/one’s mind to

　　(1)I can’t concentrate on my studies with that noise going on.

　　有噪音我不能集中精力学习。

　　(2)We must concentrate our attention on improving education.

　　我们必须致力于改进教育工作。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①It was up to him to concentrate on his studies and make something of himself.

　　②If you apply yourself to the job in hand，you’ll soon finish it.

　　③Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.

　　④She is absorbed in music.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　He concentrated his mind on his work and didn’t notice my appearance.

　　①With his mind concentrated on his work，he didn’t notice my appearance. (用with复合结构改写)

　　②His mind concentrated on his work，he didn’t notice my appearance.(用独立主格结构改写)

　　[多词一义]　consist of，be composed of，be made up of

　　1consist vi.组成；在于；一致

　　consist in＝lie in在于……；存在于……

　　consist with ＝agree with 和……一致

　　2be consistent with与……一致的；符合的

　　(1)His breakfast consists of dry bread and a cup of tea.

　　他的早餐由不涂黄油的面包和一杯茶组成。

　　(2)Good service consists in punctuality and dependability.

　　良好的服务在于守时与可靠。

　　[特别提醒]

　　consist of不用于被动语态和进行时。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①His words don’t consist with facts.

　　②The result is consistent(consist) with previous findings.

　　③There are four parts consisting(consist) of the text.

　　(2)同义词替换

　　This club consists of eight members.is made up of/is composed of

　　[应试指导]　“come＋副词”类语境词义辨析

　　come up走近；上来；发生；出现；被提及/讨论；长出地面，发芽；太阳、月亮升起；被提出

　　come about发生

　　come across偶然碰到；被理解

　　come along跟着；前来；参加

　　(1)He came up with the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland.

　　1989年他在瑞士工作时，提出了万维网的构想。

　　(2)A question came up at the meeting.

　　在会上提出了一个问题。

　　多维训练

　　短语填空

　　(1)The sky was dark blue when the moon came up.

　　(2)I came across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning.

　　(3)Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own.

　　(4)There’s a barbecue tonight and you’re very welcome to come along.

　　(5)That came about when we went to New York last year.

　　[应试指导]　(1)compare...with/to...作状语时的非谓语形式；(2)比较类写作高频词汇

　　1compare...with/to...把……和……比较

　　compare...to...把……比作……

　　without/beyond compare无与伦比；举世无双

　　2in comparison with和……相比较

　　by comparison with sth.与……相比之下

　　(1)This is fearfully expensive compared with the last one I bought.

　　这和我上次买的相比贵得吓人。

　　(2)We carefully compared the first report with the second.

　　我们仔细比较了第一份报告和第二份报告。

　　(3)He performed well by comparison with the others.

　　跟别人相比，他表现得好。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Compared with/to many people，she was indeed very fortunate.

　　②The height of the empire building is without/beyond compare.

　　③Living in the country is cheap in comparison(compare) with the big cities.

　　④Poets often compare red roses to love.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　If you compare Columbia with Charleston，you will find the former is a young city.

　　①Columbia is a young city compared with Charleston./Compared with Charleston，Columbia is a young city.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)

　　②Comparing Columbia with Charleston，you will find the former is a young city.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)

　　多维训练

　　(1)用contain，include的正确形式填空

　　①Our sixcity tour includes a visit to London.

　　②This book contains all the information you need.

　　解析　(1)contain“包括”，侧重“整体内有”，指在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物，不用于进行时。

　　(2)include“包括”，侧重被包含者只是整体中的一部分。

　　(2)单句语法填空

　　①He was so excited that he could hardly contain himself(he).

　　②The cats were fed a normal diet，containing(contain) 20% protein.

　　9 average adj.平均的；普通的normal；典型的typical；n.平均数；平均水平；v.平均为；计算出……的平均数be equal to...as an average

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①The average of these numbers is (be) 50.

　　②An average of 10 students were/are(be) absent each day.

　　③On average we receive ten letters each day.

　　(2)完成句子

　　①On (an/the) average(通常) we would spend ￡300 per day.

　　②Teachers usually like students whose schoolwork is above average (在平均水平以上).

　　③Besides，the dog tends to bark on average of(平均) six hours a day.

　　④It’s a small shop，with an average of(平均为) about 500 customers a week.

　　多维训练

　　(1)用as well和as well as填空

　　—I heard that the famous player as well as his coach would come to our school for a visit.

　　—I heard the news as well.

　　(2)单句语法填空

　　①My sister，as well as her classmates who were(be) late for class，was(be) criticized by Mr.Hunt.

　　②Now that you’ve got a chance，you might as well make(make) full use of it.

　　③—What does Mr.Li do?

　　—He works on newspapers as well as teaches(teach) us English.

　　(3)同义句改写

　　The workers want to reduce working hours as well as increase their pay.(用not only...but also...和倒装结构改写)

　　Not only do the workers want to increase their pay，but they also want to reduce working hours.

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Shaanxi food is also known for its liberal use of vinegar and garlic.

　　②Lu Xun was known as a great writer.

　　③It is known to us all that the earth goes around the sun.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　He was known as a writer and was invited to attend the meeting.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)

　　Known as a writer，he was invited to attend the meeting.

　　(3)翻译句子

　　大多数人都知道他是一名好演员。

　　He is known to most people as a good actor.

　　多维训练

　　写出下列句子中go down的汉语意思

　　(1)The moon has gone down.落下

　　(2)The ship went down by 12 feet.下沉

　　(3)The wind is going down.平静下来

　　(4)Her weight went down from 65 kilos to 50 kilos because of her illness.减轻

　　(5)At the moment，about 80 percent of web traffic is in English，but this percentage is going down.下降

　　13 BernersLee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet，not just universities and the army.,贝尔纳斯·李使每个人使用因特网成为了可能，而不仅仅是大学和军队。

　　在此结构中宾语通常可用it作形式宾语，把真正的宾语置于宾补之后。可用作宾补的有名词、代词、形容词、不带to的动词不定式、过去分词、介词短语等。make变为被动语态时，不定式作主语的补足语要带to。

　　(1)His being late made it impossible for the meeting to be held on time.

　　他来晚了，使得会议不可能按时召开。

　　(2)It is difficult to make myself understood in English.

　　我很难用英语把自己的想法表达清楚。

　　(3)We were made to work for the boss 16 hours a day.

　　老板让我们一天为他工作16个小时。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①We will make our country strong(strength).

　　②In junior high，he was made to run(run) marathon.

　　③The boss made his workers work(work) from morning till night.

　　④Can I make myself heard(hear) in such a voice?

　　(2)单句改错

　　The heavy rain makes that difficult for them to finish the work on time.that→it

　　14 It would be much better if we spent the time working on a computer.如果我们用些时间在电脑上工作，那效果将会更好。

　　非真实条件句中的虚拟语气

　　虚拟条件句主句

　　与现在事实相反的假设动词的过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形

　　与过去事实相反的假设 had＋过去分词 would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词

　　与将来事实相反的假设 (1)动词的过去式

　　(2)were to＋动词原形

　　(3)should＋动词原形 would/could/should/might＋动词原形

　　(1)If I were you，I should go and see the dentist at once.

　　如果我是你的话，我会马上去看牙科医生。

　　(2)If the sun were to rise in the west，I would lend you the money.

　　假如太阳从西边出来，我就借钱给你。

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)—The weather has been very hot and dry.

　　—Yes.If it had rained even a drop，things would be much better now！And my vegetables wouldn’t have died(die).

　　(2)Had I known about this computer program，a huge amount of time and energy would have been saved(save).

　　(3)This printer is of good quality.If it should break/broke/were to break(break) down within the first year，we would repair it at our expense.

　　(4)We would be(be) back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.

　　(5)If Tom had spent(spend) more time studying，he would be(be) able to do well in the test now.

　　Ⅰ.语境填词

　　1.The search result was 543 websites containing(包含) information about the changes of the game.(2015·广东)

　　2.Previous generations concentrated(集中) on getting children to school on time，fed，dressed and ready to learn.(2015·陕西)

　　3.We need a better way to access(使用) information.(2015·安徽)

　　4.Children are also sources(源泉) of great joy and happiness.(2015·四川)

　　5.Sometimes he wore a duck hat，and I would tell myself，he was definitely(明确地) a fan of Dr.Bernie.(2015·江苏)

　　6.Kahoot software can be used to create grammar tests which can be graded on a network(网络).(2015·安徽)

　　7.In its early history，Chicago had floods frequently(经常地)，especially in the spring，making the streets so muddy that people，horses，and carts got stuck.(2015·湖南)

　　8.When they do get shorter，it’s because the spine has shortened(缩短) a little.(2017·浙江)

　　9.By mentioning the breakdown(故障) of the computer，the author probably wants to prove it’s unwise to simply rely on technology.(2017·湖北)

　　Ⅱ.单句语法填空

　　1.Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions(invent)？(2015·北京)

　　2.Research findings seem to indicate that the creation(create) by a great artist is as permanent an achievement as the discovery by a great scientist.(2015·重庆)

　　3.Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook(cook) in the kitchen.(2015·天津)

　　4.The argument is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual(智力的) growth by learning situations that are designed for the average children.(2011·广东)

　　5.The soldiers were strengthening the defence(defend) work to defend themselves against the enemies.

　　Ⅲ.短语填空

　　1.So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool？(2015·北京)

　　2.The number of smokers，as is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.(2015·江苏)

　　3.Six volunteers slid down the cliff with the help of a rope but gave up all hope of finding her alive after a 90minute search.(2015·陕西)

　　4.Real riches consist of welldeveloped and hearty capacities(能力) to enjoy life.(2017·福建)

　　5.When you concentrate on one task，you find you have energy that you didn’t even know you had.(2017·浙江)

　　6.Citizens may have access to the library free of charge.

　　Ⅳ.完成句子

　　1.Compared with many abstract objectives，practical ones can bring us more courage and confidence whenever we make one step forward.(2015·重庆)

　　和许多抽象的目标相比，当我们取得进步的时候，实际的目标能带给我们更多的勇气和信心。

　　2.It’s difficult for the little boy to carry the heavy box.

　　对那个小男孩来说，搬起那个重箱子是困难的。

　　3.It would be much better if we can raise more money for the stayathome children.

　　如果我们能为留守儿童筹集到更多的钱，那将会更好。

　　4.I make it a rule to get up early in the morning and read English for half an hour.

　　我习惯每天早上早起，读半个小时英语。

　　写作素材(关于学校)

　　1.我们学校作为一所示范学校而出名。

　　2.我们学校由九十个班级组成。

　　3.平均来说，每个班有五十名学生。

　　4.课堂上，学生聚精会神地学习并提出很多问题。

　　5.课下，他们可以利用图书馆去获取他们需要的信息。

　　提示　黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用which/that引导的定语从句。

　　连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)

　　Our school，which consists of ninety classes，becomes known as a model school.On average，there are 50 students in each class.In class，students concentrate on their study and come up with a lot of questions.After class，they have access to the library to obtain the information they need.