Module 4 A Social Survey-My Neighbourhood

　　话题词汇

　　1.opposite prep.在……对面

　　2.continent n.大陆

　　3.be situated in位于……

　　4.be rich in盛产……

　　5.places of interest名胜

　　6.consist of由……组成

　　7.natural resources自然资源

　　8.take on a new look呈现新面貌

　　9.have a population of有……的人口

　　10.with a long history有着悠久的历史

　　经典语篇

　　假如你是李晓华，住在江城。你的加拿大笔友Bob来信谈到了他所居住的城市，并希望了解你家乡江城的情况。请你用英语写一封回信。回信须包括下表中的内容。

　　自然情况 位于长江边、风景优美、适合居住。

　　成就 经济发展迅速；新建了不少工厂、住房、道路等。

　　存在问题 水、空气污染；交通拥挤。

　　对江城发展的看法 (内容自拟)

　　注意：1.回信中不能使用“江城”以外的地名；

　　2.词数100左右；

　　3.信的开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

　　Dear Bob，

　　It’s very kind of you to write to me and let me know about your beautiful city.Now I’d like to tell you something about my hometown Jiangcheng.

　　Yours，

　　Xiaohua

　　佳作欣赏

　　Dear Bob，

　　It’s very kind of you to write to me and let me know about your beautiful city.Now I’d like to tell you something about my hometown Jiangcheng.

　　The city stands on the bank of the Changjiang River.① It is a beautiful place for people to live in.Its economy has been developing rapidly in the past ten years.New factories，houses and roads have been built.②More schools and hospitals are available for its people.However，there are still some problems，such as water and air pollution and heavy traffic in rush hours.In my opinion，Jiangcheng should develop its economy scientifically.I would also think that the growth of its population should be brought under control so that we’ll have a better hometown in future.③

　　Yours，

　　Xiaohua

　　思维发散

　　1.用stand的同义词改写第①句

　　The city lies (is situated/located) on the bank of the Changjiang River.

　　2.将第②句改为there be形式的句子

　　There have been new factories，houses and roads here.

　　3.用不定式作状语改写第③句

　　I would also think that the growth of its population should be brought under control to have a better hometown in future.

　　Ⅰ.重点单词

　　A.写作单词

　　1.local (adj.)地方的；局部的

　　2.hometown (n.)家乡

　　3.pretty (adv.)很；相当

　　4.sound (vi.)听起来

　　5.bother (vt.)打扰；烦扰；麻烦

　　6.rent (n.)租金

　　7.approach (vt.)接近；(n.)道路；方法

　　8.starve (vi.)饿死

　　9.park (vt.)停车

　　10.traffic (n.)交通

　　11.exchange (vt.& n.)交换

　　12.afford (vt.)买得起；有能力支付

　　13.survive (vi.)死里逃生；大难不死

　　14.contact (vt.& n.)联络；联系(某人)

　　15.attractive (adj.)有吸引力的；吸引人的

　　16.committee (n.)委员会

　　17.organisation (n.)组织

　　18.unemployed (adj.)失业的；没有工作的

　　19.professional (adj.)专业的

　　20.fascinating (adj.)迷人的；吸引人的

　　21.tourist (n.)旅游者；观光客

　　22.fortunate (adj.)幸运的；吉祥的

　　fortunately (adv.)幸运地

　　unfortunate (adj.)不幸的

　　unfortunately (adv.)不幸地

　　fortune (n.)运气；财富

　　B.阅读单词

　　23.survey (n.)调查

　　24.neighbourhood (n.)四邻；街坊

　　25.suburb (n.)城郊；郊区

　　26.nuisance (n.)令人讨厌的人或事

　　27.district (n.)地域；区域；行政区

　　28.harbour (n.)海港

　　29.gorgeous (adj.)美丽的；宜人的

　　30.architecture (n.)建筑

　　31.household (n.)家属；家人

　　32.occupation (n.)职业

　　33.manual (adj.)用手的；手的

　　34.employment (n.)就业；工作；职业

　　35.gallery (n.)美术馆；画廊

　　Ⅱ.重点短语

　　1.in the south of在……的南部

　　2.put up修建；张贴

　　3.get away from摆脱

　　4.make it成功

　　5.so far/up to now/till now到目前为止

　　6.a great many/a number of许多；大量

　　7.go up上升

　　Ⅲ.经典句式

　　1.It’s been six years since we last saw each other，you know.

　　要知道，我们六年没见面了。

　　2.And this is the first time I’ve visited your hometown.

　　而且这是我第一次来到你的家乡。

　　3.What’s the climate like?

　　这里气候怎么样？

　　Ⅳ.课文语法填空

　　John Martin is visiting Xiao Li’s hometown，1.which is in the northwest of Xiamen.Now，John and Xiao Li 2.are driving(drive) around the city and Xiao Li is introducing the city 3.to his friend.

　　Xiamen is one of the 4.most attractive(attractive) and interesting places on the coast，and 5.it is hot and wet in the summer 6.while cold in the winter.There is a business district and a harbour 7.located(locate) from east to west，and off the coast lies 8.a lovely island with some interesting architecture，Gulangyu Island.The people here are very 9.friendly(friend).

　　After a 10.detailed(detail) introduction，it is time for lunch.Xiao Li will treat his friend to fish in a nice restaurant.

　　1

　　[应试指导]　交际用语中的用法

　　1bother about doing sth.为做某事烦恼

　　bother sb.with sth.为某事打扰某人

　　bother to do sth.特意地做某事

　　bother doing sth.麻烦做某事

　　bother oneself about为……操心/焦虑/困扰

　　2put sb.to bother使某人烦恼

　　(1)Lots of people don’t bother to go through a marriage ceremony these days.

　　如今很多人不再费心思举行婚礼。

　　(2)Most of the papers didn’t even bother reporting it.

　　大多数报纸甚至懒得去报道这件事。

　　多维训练

　　单句语法填空

　　(1)Don’t bother about getting dinner for me.

　　(2)Don’t bother me with little things like that.

　　(3)I don’t want to put you to any bother.

　　(4)Don’t bother yourself(you) about cloning my pet cat.I don’t expect to bring it back to life.

　　2 exchange n.交换；互换giving and receiving；交流communication；兑换；v.调换；交换；交流communicate；兑换change

　　[应试指导]　写作高频词汇：(1)交换生 exchange students；(2)交流思想 exchange thoughts/ideas

　　1exchange A for B 拿A换B

　　exchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物

　　2in exchange for作为对……的交换

　　(1)I wish to exchange it for another camera or declare a refund.

　　我希望可以换一台相机，否则我要求退款。

　　(2)He exchanged a quick smile with her and then entered the lift.

　　他和她匆匆相视一笑，然后走进了电梯。

　　[图解助记]

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Where can I exchange my dollars for pounds?

　　②I exchanged seats with Bill.

　　③He gave me an apple in exchange for a piece of cake.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　He exchanged an apple with me for a piece of cake.(用动词exchange改写上题句③)

　　3

　　1afford to do...能做……

　　afford sb.sth.＝afford sth.to sb.提供……给某人

　　2affordable adj.负担得起的

　　(1)He was too poor to afford the doctor but the doctor offered to help him.

　　他太穷请不起那位大夫，但是那位大夫主动帮助了他。

　　(2)The programme affords young people the chance to gain work experience.

　　＝The programme affords the chance to gain work experience to young people.

　　这项计划为年轻人提供了获得工作经验的机会。

　　[特别提醒]

　　afford常与can，could，be able to以及其否定形式连用，表示有/无能力、时间、条件等做某事，后面接名词、代词或动词不定式。

　　多维训练

　　(1)用afford的正确形式填空

　　①I did enjoy the training on a very small island，for it afforded me plenty of time for reflection.

　　②Fortunately，each of us is afforded an opportunity to have a try.

　　③I think it an affordable price.I will buy one.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　①I can afford a new car.

　　I can afford to buy a new car.

　　②She felt she couldn’t have enough time off work.

　　She felt she couldn’t afford any more time off work.

　　4

　　[应试指导]　熟词新义的考查

　　put back放回原处；耽搁

　　put forward提出意见、建议等

　　put up with忍受，忍耐

　　put through接通电话；完成；使经受

　　(1)In Picture 1，a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps，but in vain.

　　在第一幅画中，一个男子试图把一面横幅标语挂在一棵被树桩包围的树上，但没有成功。(2017·江苏)

　　(2)We can put through the job before dark.

　　我们能够在天黑以前完成这项工作。

　　多维训练

　　(1)写出下列句子中put up的汉语意思

　　①She put up a notice about the school trip to Italy.张贴

　　②Several of the banks have decided to put up their interest rates.提高

　　③I was wet before I could put my umbrella up.举起

　　④Would you be able to put me up for the night when I come to London？留宿

　　⑤It was Clare who first put up the idea of a concert to raise money for the school.提出

　　⑥John was in the garden putting a fence up.建造，搭建

　　(2)短语填空

　　①He has put forward/put up new peace proposals.

　　②On Christmas Eve，we put up some balloons to add to the festival atmosphere.(2016·安徽淮北一中期末)

　　③Hong Kong residents say they can no longer put up with the ongoing Occupy Central protests which greatly influenced their daily life and local business，and ask the protestors to withdraw from the streets.(2016·安徽屯溪一中月考)

　　④When the others had gone，Mary remained and put back the furniture.

　　5

　　[应试指导]　“动词＋副词＋介词”类语境词义辨析

　　get away with做了坏事而不受惩罚；受到从轻发落；携带……跑掉后跟名词或动名词

　　get across解释清楚，使人了解

　　get over克服；恢复

　　get down to开始；着手

　　get round/around走动；消息传开

　　(1)No matter how he tried，he couldn’t get away from his worries.

　　无论他怎样努力，他都不能从烦恼中解脱出来。

　　(2)The policeman can’t have the thief getting away with stealing people’s money.

　　警察不能容忍小偷偷了人们的钱而跑掉。

　　(3)Emails are efficient and convenient，but the best way to get across a message is still to talk it out in person.

　　电子邮件虽然高效便利，但是传递信息的最佳办法还是亲自把它说出来。

　　多维训练

　　短语填空

　　(1)She gets around with the help of a stick.

　　(2)Have you got over the scare you had yesterday?

　　(3)He sometimes has trouble getting his meaning across in English.

　　(4)She got away from the dog but she had bite marks on her leg.

　　(5)Anyway，we’re here now，so let’s get down to some serious work.

　　6

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①I have no attraction for him.

　　②The Great Wall is such a well­known tourist attraction(attract) that millions of people pour in every year.

　　③I thought he was very attractive(attract) and obviously very intelligent.

　　④The tourism resources in this area have been well exploited in the last few years，attracting(attract) tens of thousands of tourists every year.

　　(2)同义句改写

　　He was attracted by the beauty and he didn’t want to leave right now.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)

　　Attracted by the beauty，he didn’t want to leave right now.

　　7

　　多维训练

　　(1)用fortune的正确形式填空

　　①Don’t leave that to fortune.

　　②Central London is fortunate in having so many large parks and open spaces.

　　③—Have you heard about that fire in the market?

　　—Yes，fortunately no one was hurt.

　　④Unfortunately，the question is not at all so simple.

　　(2)完成句子

　　①If you make the right investments，it is possible to make a fortune within a very short time.

　　假如投资得当，你很可能会在短期内暴富。

　　②He went back to the hall to try his fortune at finding his lost gold watch，but failed to find it.

　　他返回礼堂去碰运气寻找丢失的金表但未能找到。

　　③He was among those who headed west to seek his fortune.

　　他是动身去西部寻找出路中的一个。

　　④I have been fortunate enough to visit many places of interest in Beijing.

　　我很有福气，参观了北京的许多名胜。

　　8 approach vt.& vi.靠近，接近draw near；走近；接洽；n.方法means；接近；通道；路径path，road；接洽；建议

　　多维训练

　　(1)同义句改写

　　①With the time for graduation approaching，we are busy with our papers.

　　a.With the time for graduation just around/round the corner，we are busy with our papers.(用corner短语改写)

　　b.As the time for graduation is approaching/drawing near，we are busy with our papers. (用as引导的时间状语从句改写)

　　②When we approached the city center，we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.(用现在分词短语作时间状语改写)

　　Approaching the city center，we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.

　　(2)单句改错

　　The job market has changed and our approach to find work must change as well.find→finding

　　9 survive vt.幸存；幸免于难to continue to live；比……活得时间长to live longer than；vi.幸存；存活

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Mr.White survived his wife by 9 years.

　　②Many of the peasants managed to survive on tiny plots of corn and beans.

　　③She was the last survivor(survive) of the family.

　　(2)单句改错

　　This drug can help people survive from heart attacks.去掉from

　　10

　　多维训练

　　(1)We have lost contact with him since he left last summer.

　　自从他去年夏天离去，我们就失去了联系。

　　(2)The pilot was trying to make contact with his base.

　　飞行员正试图与基地取得联系。

　　(3)I have kept in contact with my mother by telephone for many years.

　　许多年来我一直与母亲保持电话联系。

　　(4)And the next step I will be in contact with Dr.Xu to enquire relative information.

　　接下来，我会积极地和许博士联系，仔细询问相关事宜。

　　11

　　多维训练

　　(1)短语填空

　　①People want their cash to go as far as possible.

　　②This is better by far.

　　③Suddenly they seem to be hearing something from far away.

　　④His work is far from perfect.

　　⑤So far I haven’t learned how to bear misfortune cheerfully.

　　(2)单句改错

　　We learned 3,000 English words so far.learned前加have

　　12

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①Large quantities of land in the area have been reserved(reserve) for national parks these years，which are(be) now home to bears，wolves，and other wild animals.

　　②The number of books stolen from the library is(be) large.

　　③A large number of books have been stolen(steal) from the library so far.

　　(2)单句改错

　　①More than one doctor were involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake.were→was

　　②One survey shows that large amounts of water is wasted every year in China，and that one third is available to be saved.(2015·陕西高考压轴卷)

　　第一个is→are

　　13It’s been six years since we last saw each other，you know.你知道，自从我们上次见面以来已经有6年了。

　　(1)“本句用了It be＋一段时间＋since从句”句式。

　　①本句式常用于两种时态：

　　②在本句式中，since从句中的谓语动词为短暂性动词时，意为“某人做某事已经有多久了”；若从句中的谓语动词用延续性动词时，则意为“某人不做某事已经有多久了”。

　　(2)It was/will be＋time＋before...过了/要过多长时间才……

　　It is/was＋时间点＋when...做某事是在某具体的时间

　　It is/was＋时间状语＋that...是在什么时间做的某事

　　(1)It has been 3 years since I published my first book.

　　自从我出版第一本书以来已经三年了。

　　(2)Tom told me it was 5 years since he had moved to Canada.

　　汤姆告诉我自从他移居加拿大以来已有五年了。

　　(3)It was two weeks before he recovered.

　　他过了两周才恢复过来。 (before引导时间状语从句)

　　(4)It was six o’clock when we got home last night.

　　昨天晚上我们到家时已经6点了。(when引导时间状语从句)

　　(5)It was at six o’clock that we got home last night.

　　昨天晚上我们是在6点钟到家的。(强调句型)

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　It has been six years since he smoked.

　　(2)完成句子

　　①It is/has been three years since he became a doctor.

　　他当医生三年了。

　　②It won’t be long before we meet again.

　　过不了多久我们就会再见面的。

　　③It was eleven when I came home last night.

　　昨天晚上我回到家时已经十一点了。

　　14

　　1在此句型中，当主句为一般现在时或一般将来时时，从句的谓语动词用现在完成时；当主句为一般过去时时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。

　　2It is about/high time that＋主语＋did/should do...到了某人做……的时候了。

　　3It is time for sb. to do...到了某人做……的时候了。

　　4It/There was a time when...那是/曾有……的时期。

　　(1)It was the second time that he had gone to her help.

　　这是他第二次帮她了。

　　(2)It is time that we made/should make a decision.

　　是我们作出决定的时候了。

　　(3)It is time for us to go to school.

　　到了我们上学的时候了。

　　(4)There was a time when I would have responded，but nothing good ever seemed to come of that.

　　曾有一段时间我有求必应，但是没发现有什么好处。

　　多维训练

　　(1)单句语法填空

　　①This is the first time that I have heard(hear) him sing.

　　②It was the third time that the boy had been(be) late.

　　③It is high time that we took/should take(take) immediate action to solve the problem.

　　④It’s time for us to get(get) together.

　　⑤There was a time when everyone’s opinion was mine as well.

　　(2)单句改错

　　①There will be the first time that I have eaten so much.There→It

　　②That was the fourth time when she had rung you in a week.when→that

　　③It is time that we have supper.have→had或have前加should

　　Ⅰ.语境填词

　　1.The poor could hardly afford(有能力支付) school education.(2015·福建)

　　2.So long as she had a slice to eat，she never bothered(烦扰) the one on her head.(2015·四川)

　　3.The research group produced two reports based on the survey(调查)，but neither contained any useful suggestions.(2015·福建)

　　4.And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin’s chicken house in exchange(交换) for manure(肥料).(2015·四川)

　　5.Absorbed in painting，John didn’t notice evening approaching(临近).(2015·天津)

　　6.In fact，traffic(交通) rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related to public order.(2015·江苏)

　　7.Classic works present great thoughts through fascinating(迷人的) stories and language.(2015·天津)

　　8.Most people said this accent sounded(听起来) “educated” and “soft”.(2015·广东)

　　9.I’m free on weekends，so we can contact(联系) at that time.(2015·四川)

　　10.Their professions(职业) cover government officials，athletes，drivers，teachers，artists and so on.(2017·广东)

　　Ⅱ.单句语法填空

　　1.Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction(attract).(2015·全国Ⅱ)

　　2.Tourism(tourist) is the major source of income for this area.(2015·陕西)

　　3.Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement has been reached(reach) so far by the two sides.(2015·天津)

　　4.ORBIS is an international non­profit organisation(organise) which operates the world’s only flying teaching eye hospital.(2017·江西)

　　5.—Shall we go for a drink at one o’clock this afternoon?

　　—Sorry，I can’t make it.(2017·陕西)

　　6.Last spring，I was fortunate to be chosen(choose) to participate in an exchange study program.(2017·浙江)

　　Ⅲ.短语填空

　　1.The thing is，a number of them have admitted that despite their success，they aren’t happy.(2015·浙江)

　　2.First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers.(2017·浙江)

　　3.I want to get away from city lights and look at the stars in the sky.

　　4.Rather than make money in this way，he prefers to starve to death.

　　5.With the price of house going up，it is more and more difficult for young people to buy houses.

　　6.I was walking to school when suddenly something strange attracted my attention.

　　7.Can you lend me 10 and I’ll pay you back on Friday?

　　Ⅳ.翻译/完成句子

　　1.What is your new teacher like?

　　你们的新老师怎么样？

　　2.It has been a long time since I enjoyed myself so much!

　　我好久没有玩得这么开心了！

　　3.That was the first time that I had been invited to a formal party.

　　那是我第一次被邀请到一个正式的晚会上。

　　写作素材(关于失业)

　　1.最近的一项调查表明这个地方曾经有很多人失业。

　　2.但是到目前为止，在政府和一些社会组织的帮助下，一些失业工人很幸运地在郊区找到了工作。

　　3.这听起来相当令人鼓舞。

　　4.他们相信只要努力工作就能买得起自己的房子。

　　5.他们希望能像当地人一样过上幸福的生活。

　　提示　黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用that引导的宾语从句，as long as引导的条件状语从句。

　　连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇70词左右的英语短文)

　　A recent survey shows that there were a great many people unemployed in this area.But so far，with the help of the government and some social organisations，some unemployed workers have been fortunate to find their jobs in the suburbs.It sounds pretty encouraging.They believe they can afford to buy their own houses as long as they work hard.They hope they can live a happy life like local people.

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