Plant scientists are just beginning to understand this chemical “language”．Cahill says studies have shown，for example，that plants can evaluate conditions in their immediate environment and take appropriate actions.Plants have an ability，for example，to signal pain or discomfort caused by anything from temperature extremes to an insect attack.Jack Schultz，a professor of chemical ecology at the University of Missouri，says when a plant senses that it’s being eaten，it cannot walk away from trouble；on the contrary，it will release a chemical vapor that alerts other plants nearby.

　　“Their language is a chemical language，and it involves chemicals that move through the air that are easy to be changeable，and most of all are smells that we are familiar with，” Schultz explained.

　　“All plants responded to the attack by changing their chemistry to defend themselves，” Schultz recalled.“But we were quite surprised to find that nearby plants also changed their chemistry to defend themselves，even though they were not part of the experiment.”

　　Studies have also shown that plants under attack release pleasant chemicals.Those chemicals attract friendly insects that attack the pests eating the plant.

　　In the end，plants’ ability to communicate their needs—and our ability to understand them—could help farmers reduce the use of poisonous chemicals，cut operating costs and limit damage to the environment.

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