Biologist Dr.Catherine La Farge and her team at the University of Alberta were exploring the region around the Teardrop glacier on Ellesmere Island.Ice on Ellesmere Island region has been melting at around four meters each year for the past nine years.This means that many areas of land that were previously covered by ice have since been exposed.Many ecosystems that were thought to have been destroyed during the Little Ice Age between 1550 and 1850 AD can now be studied，including many species that have never been studied before.

　　While examining an exposed area of land，La Farge and her team discovered a small area of moss called Aulacomnium turgidum.It is a type of bryophyte(苔藓类植物) plant that mainly grows across Canada，the US and the Highlands of Scotland.

　　Dr La Farge noticed that the moss had small patches of green stems，suggesting it is either growing again or can be encouraged to repopulate.Dr La Farge told the BBC，“When we looked at the samples in detail and brought them to the lab，I could see some of the stems actually had new growth of green branches，suggesting that these plants are growing again，and that blew my mind.When we think of thick areas of ice covering the landscape，we’ve always thought that plants have to come from refugia(濒绝生物保护区)，never considering that land plants come from underneath a glacier.It’s a whole world of what’s coming out from underneath the glacier that really needs to be studied.The ice is disappearing pretty fast.We really have not examined all the biological systems that exist in the world；we don’t know it all.”

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