Cigarette smoking is so widespread and significant as a risk factor that the Surgeon General has called it “the leading preventable cause of disease and deaths in the United States.” Cigarette smoking increases the risk of coronary heart disease by itself.When it acts with other factors, it greatly increases risk.Smoking increases blood pressure, decreases exercise tolerance and increases the tendency for boold to clot.Smoking also increases the risk of coronary heart disease after bypass surgery.

　　Cigarette smoking is the most important risk factor for young men and women.It produces a greater relative risk in persons under age 50 than in those over 50.

　　Women who smoke greatly increase their risk of coronary heart disease and stroke compared with nonsmoking women.Cigarette smoking combined with a family history of heart disease also seems to greatly increase the risk.

　　Studies show that cigarette smoking is an important risk factor for stroke.Cigarette smoke produces several effects that damage the cerebrovascular system.

　　Notes：

　　①chronic adj.慢性的　②artery n．动脉　③coronary adj.冠状的　④clot vi.凝结　⑤cerebrovascular adj.脑血管的

　　5．What does the underlined phrase “account for”in the first paragraph mean?

　　A．Have effect on.

　　B．Make up.

　　C．Reduce by.

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