3.分词作状语的句法功能
分词或分词短语作状语时,可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连词while 或when 引出。如:
Hearing the news, they got excited. (时间)
Be careful while / when crossing the street. (时间)
Having been bitten by a snake, she was frightened at it. (原因)
Given a chance, I can surprise the world. (条件)
The cup dropped to the ground, breaking into pieces. (结果)
Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake. (让步)
The teacher came into the lab, followed by some students. (伴随状况)
4.独立成分作状语
有些分词短语,其形式的选择不受上下文的影响,称作独立成分。常见的有:
Generally speaking … 一般说来
Frankly speaking … 坦白地说
Judging from … 根据……来判断
Considering … 考虑到……
To tell you the truth … 说实话
非谓语动词其它用法
一、疑问词 + 不定式结构
疑问词(who, which, when, where, how, what等)+ 不定式,这个结构在句中起名词作用,可充当主语、表语、宾语。如:
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